MICROECONOMICS (LL) W/ACCESS
21st Edition
ISBN: 9781260199888
Author: McConnell
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 13, Problem 3RQ
To determine
Efficiency of monopolistically-competitive firms.
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1.Briefly state the basic characteristics of pure competition, pure monopoly, monopolistic competition, and oligopoly. Under which of these market classifications does each of the following most accurately fit? (a) a supermarket in your hometown; (b) the steel industry; (c) a Kansas wheat farm; (d) the commercial bank in which you or your family has an account; (e) the automobile industry. In each case, justify your classification. LO1
Which of statement is true about economic profit in the long run.(LO2,3).
a) both the monopolistic and perfect competitor make one.
b) neither the monopolistic nor the perfect competitor makes one.
c) only the perfect competitor makes one.
d) only the monopolistic makes one.
6. The accompanying diagram shows the demand, marginal revenue, and marginal cost of a monopolist. (LO1, LO3, LO5)
a. Determine the profit-maximizing output and price.
b. What price and output would prevail if this firm’s product were sold by price-taking
firms in a perfectly competitive market?
c. Calculate the deadweight loss of this monopoly.
8. The elasticity of demand for a firm’s product is –2.5 and its advertising elasticity of demand is 0.2. (LO8)
a. Determine the firm’s optimal advertising-to-sales ratio.
b. If the firm’s revenues are $40,000, what is its profit-maximizing level of advertising?
Chapter 13 Solutions
MICROECONOMICS (LL) W/ACCESS
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- 9. Suppose Warner Music and Universal Music are in a duopoly and currently limit themselves to 10 new artists per year. One artist sells 2 million songs at $1.25 per song. However, each label is capable of signing 20 artists per year. If one label increases the number of artists to 20 and the other stays the same, the price per song drops to $0.75, and each artist sells 3 million songs. If both labels increase the number of artists to 20, the price per song drops to $0.30, and each artist sells 4 million songs. Explain how revenue payoffs for each scenario are calculated. If this game is played once, how many artists will each producer sign, and what will be the price of a song? If this game is played every year, how many artists will each producer sign, and what will be the price of a song?arrow_forward4. You are the manager of a monopoly, and your demand and cost functions are given by P = 300 − 3Q and C(Q) = 1,500 + 2Q2, respectively. (LO3, LO4) a. What price–quantity combination maximizes your firm’s profits? b. Calculate the maximum profits. c. Is demand elastic, inelastic, or unit elastic at the profit-maximizing price–quantity combination? d. What price–quantity combination maximizes revenue? e. Calculate the maximum revenues. f. Is demand elastic, inelastic, or unit elastic at the revenue-maximizing price–quantity combination? 6. The accompanying diagram shows the demand, marginal revenue, and marginal cost of a monopolist. (LO1, LO3, LO5) a. Determine the profit-maximizing output and price. b. What price and output would prevail if this firm’s product were sold by price-taking firms in a perfectly competitive market? c. Calculate the deadweight loss of this monopoly. 8. The elasticity of demand for a firm’s product is –2.5 and its advertising elasticity of demand is 0.2.…arrow_forward14. Aside from advertising, how can monopolisticallycompetitive firms increase demand for their products? 17. Would you expect the kinked demand curve to bemore extreme (like a right angle) or less extreme (like anormal demand curve) if each firm in the cartel producesa near-identical product like OPEC and petroleum?What if each firm produces a somewhat differentproduct? Explain your reasoning.arrow_forward
- Use the accompanying graph to answer the questions that follow. (LO1, LO2) a. Suppose this monopolist is unregulated. (1) What price will the firm charge to maximize its profits? (2) What is the level of consumer surplus at this price? b. Suppose the firm’s price is regulated at $80. (1) What is the firm’s marginal revenue if it produces 7 units? (2) If the firm is able to cover its variable costs at the regulated price, how much output will the firm produce in the short run to maximize its profits? (3) In the long run, how much output will this firm produce if the price remains regulated at $80?arrow_forwardMary competes in a monopolistically competitive market. Suddenly, 5 new firms enter the market, causing her perceived demand curve to shift. The following tables show her original and new demand curves and her cost information. Original Demand Curve Price Quantity TC 30 0 $130 25 10 $140 20 20 $260 15 30 $450 10 40 $660 New Demand Curve Price Quantity TC 25 0 $130 20 10 $140 15 20 $260 10 30 $450 5 40 $660 Assume that Mary can only choose from the quantities of output given in the table. By how much will the quantity that she produces change after the new firms enter the market? Question 4 options: increase by 5 decrease by 5 increase by 10 decrease by 10arrow_forward4. You are the manager of a firm that produces products X and Y at zero cost. Youknow that different types of consumers value your two products differently, but you are unable toidentify these consumers individually at the time of the sale. In particular, you know there arethree types of consumers (100 of each type) with the following valuations for the two products: Consumer Type Product X Product Y1 $90 $ 602 $70 $1403 $40 $160 a. What are your profits if you charge $40 for product X and $60 for product Y?b. What are your profits if you charge $90 for product X and $160 for product Y?c. What are your profits if you charge $150 for a bundle containing one unit of product X andone unit of product Y?d. What are your profits if you charge $210 for a bundle containing one unit of X and one unit ofY, but also sell the…arrow_forward
- Two firms with the same (constant) marginal costs are engaging in Bertrand competition. One of the companies exits the industry. As a aconsequence, the price for the other firm increases by 50%. What is the elasticity of demand in this market?O. 3O. 2O. 2.5O. 4arrow_forward2. Suppose that the market demand for mountain spring water is given as follows: P = 1,200 - QMountain spring water can be produced at no cost. a. What is the profit maximizing level of output and price of a monopolist? b. What level of output would be produced by each firm in a Cournot duopoly in the long run? What will the price be? c. What will be the level of output and price in the long run if this industry were perfectly competitive?arrow_forwardAssume that in short-run equilibrium, a particular monopolistically competitive firm charges $12 for each unit of its output and sells 52 units of output per day. The average total cost (ATC) for those 52 units is $10.Instruction: Round your answers below to the nearest whole number.How much revenue will the firm take in each day? $ What will be the firm's economic profit or loss? of $ Next, suppose that entry or exit occurs in this monopolistically competitive industry and establishes a long-run equilibrium.If the firm’s daily output remains at 52 units, what price will it be able to charge? $ What will be its economic profit or loss? of $arrow_forward
- Give some examples of fixed costs and variable costs. Why do average fixed costs decline across a range of increasing production? Do average variable cost decline, increase, or do both as production increases? Explain. Tell me about perfect competition. Why is it that perfect competition is more of a theoretical market structure than a practical one? In addition, please explain the most important characteristic in perfect competition, monopolistic competition, oligopoly, and monopolies and relate the characteristic to how these firms can make profits in the short run. In your analysis, make sure to relate an example for each of the market structures listed and how it relates to the particular characteristics.arrow_forward2. Describe the fundamental difference between pure competition and non-collusive oligopoly. 3. How do economies of scale and product differentiation (both desirable qualities) alter the nature of markets in the real world in negative ways? 4. What keeps oligopolistic industries from abusing the market power they hold, forming into collusive cartels, or merging into dominant monopolies? 5. What does society do to undermine the macroeconomic impacts of the chaotic nature of continuous product differentiation by monopolistically competitive firms? 6. If these two market types, monopolistic competition and non-collusive oligopoly, not pure competition, make up 90% of the market reality that we live in what lesson is to be learned?arrow_forward9. Firms 1 and 2 are proposing to merge. They offer symmetrically differentiated products and have identical costs and, therefore, identical premerger prices. (Note that “symmetrically differentiated products” means that if they charge the same price, then they have the same demand.) The common premerger price for firms 1 and 2 is $90, and the common marginal cost is $60. If firm 1 were to raise its price to $100, we know that its demand would drop by 20 units and firm 2’s demand would rise by 5 units. a. Assume the merger would reduce marginal cost by 10 percent. Using UPP, is there reason to be concerned with the merger? b. Suppose the prospective merger partners want to convince the DOJ that the merger will not raise price. Using UPP, how large must they argue the efficiency is? c. Suppose there are improved estimates of firms’ demand functions and now we know that if firm 1 were to raise its price to $100, its demand would (still) drop by 20 units, but firm 2’s demand would rise by…arrow_forward
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