21st Century Astronomy: The Solar System (Sixth Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780393691283
Author: Laura Kay; Stacy Palen; George Blumenthal
Publisher: W. W. Norton
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Question
Chapter 14, Problem 14QP
To determine
The production of energy from sun’s centre.
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Students have asked these similar questions
1. The Sun’s mass is ~2x1030 kg. If 10% of this is Hydrogen available in the core, how long will the Sun be able to continue fusing hydrogen at this rate? This is considered the Sun's "lifetime". If the Sun is 4.6 billion years old (and assuming it's power output is constant), how many years does it have left?
2. Assume that the entire luminosity of the Sun is due to the PP chain reaction. The complete
PP chain reaction converts 4 hydrogen nuclei into 1 helium nucleus, according to the following
reaction:
4 H - He + 2e* + 2v.
a. Estimate the amount of energy released by one complete reaction.
b. Estimate how many of these reactions occur per second in the Sun, and how many
neutrinos the Sun produces each second.
c. Estimate the flux of neutrinos (in v's s' cm?) passing through the Earth.
It what layer of the sun does fusion occur?
a. core
b. radiative zone
c. corona
d. convective zone
Chapter 14 Solutions
21st Century Astronomy: The Solar System (Sixth Edition)
Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 14.1ACYUCh. 14.1 - Prob. 14.1BCYUCh. 14.2 - Prob. 14.2CYUCh. 14.3 - Prob. 14.3CYUCh. 14.4 - Prob. 14.4CYUCh. 14 - Prob. 1QPCh. 14 - Prob. 2QPCh. 14 - Prob. 3QPCh. 14 - Prob. 4QPCh. 14 - Prob. 5QP
Ch. 14 - Prob. 6QPCh. 14 - Prob. 7QPCh. 14 - Prob. 8QPCh. 14 - Prob. 9QPCh. 14 - Prob. 10QPCh. 14 - Prob. 11QPCh. 14 - Prob. 12QPCh. 14 - Prob. 13QPCh. 14 - Prob. 14QPCh. 14 - Prob. 15QPCh. 14 - Prob. 16QPCh. 14 - Prob. 17QPCh. 14 - Prob. 18QPCh. 14 - Prob. 19QPCh. 14 - Prob. 20QPCh. 14 - Prob. 21QPCh. 14 - Prob. 22QPCh. 14 - Prob. 23QPCh. 14 - Prob. 24QPCh. 14 - Prob. 25QPCh. 14 - Prob. 26QPCh. 14 - Prob. 27QPCh. 14 - Prob. 28QPCh. 14 - Prob. 29QPCh. 14 - Prob. 30QPCh. 14 - Prob. 31QPCh. 14 - Prob. 34QPCh. 14 - Prob. 35QPCh. 14 - Prob. 36QPCh. 14 - Prob. 37QPCh. 14 - Prob. 38QPCh. 14 - Prob. 39QPCh. 14 - Prob. 40QPCh. 14 - Prob. 41QPCh. 14 - Prob. 42QPCh. 14 - Prob. 43QPCh. 14 - Prob. 44QPCh. 14 - Prob. 45QP
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- nuclear fusion is the power source of the sun. a. true b. falsearrow_forwardThe sunspot cycle affects I. the latitude at which sunspots are visible at a given time. II. the number of sunspots that are visible at a given time. III. the rotation rate of the sun’s equator at a given time. IV. the magnetic polarity of the sunspots at a given time. a. I & II b. I & IV c. II & III d. I, II & III e. I, II, & IVarrow_forwarda.Calculate the mass loss rate of the Sun M˙ due to the solar wind flow. Assume averageproperties of the solar wind of number density 6 protons cm−3, and a flow speed of 450 kms−1. Express your answer in units of both kg per year, and solar masses per year. b.Suppose the solar wind flow is perfectly radial. Calculate the expected rate of change ofsolar rotation frequency dω/dt at the present time, based on conservation of angular momentum. Give your answer in units of rad s−1 y−1(i.e., radians per second per year) and alsoin terms of fractional change per year, i.e., 1/ωdω/dt .Use a current solar rotation period of P = 25.38 days to calculate the current angularfrequency of rotation ω. The moment of inertia of a uniform sphere is 2/5 MR2. You canassume that the radius of the Sun is approximately constant, and the change in its momentof inertia due to the solar wind is only due to the mass loss. c.By observing the rotation period of stars similar to the Sun, it is inferred that their…arrow_forward
- The Sun's photosphere is a. the central region where the Sun originates b. the part of the Sun which the light comes that we see when we look at the Sun with our eyes c. the hottest region of the Sun d. the outermost layers of the Sun's atmosphere e. the first region you would come to when leaving the corearrow_forwardIf steel has ten times the density of water, how many times more dense is the hydrogen plasma at the core of the Sun, than steel? a: 0.15 b. 15 c. 150 d. 1.5arrow_forward1. The mass of the Sun is about 2x10³0 kg. The Sun was about 72% hydrogen when it first formed. About 11% of the total amount of the Sun's hydrogen is available for fusion within the Sun's core. [3 points] (a) What is the total mass of hydrogen available for fusion, in kg? (b) The Sun fuses about 600 billion kg of hydrogen each second. Calculate how long the Sun's initial supply of hydrogen can last. Give your answer in both seconds and years. Hint: use the result you calculated in part (a). (c) We know that our Solar System is about 4.5 billion years old. Using your calculation above, how much longer do we have until the Sun runs out of hydrogen?arrow_forward
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