BIOLOGY (LL)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781264115495
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Textbook Question
Chapter 14, Problem 2COQ
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of combinatorial control of eukaryotic genes.
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The entire genome of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been sequenced. This sequencing has led to the identification of all the open reading frames (ORFs, gene-size sequences with appropriate translational initiation and termination signals) in the genome. Some of these ORFs are previously known genes with established functions; however, the remainder are unassigned reading frames (URFs). To deduce the possible functions of the URFs, they are being systematically, one at a time, converted into null alleles by in vitro knockout techniques. The results are as follows:15 percent are lethal when knocked out.25 percent show some mutant phenotype (altered morphology, altered nutrition, and so forth).60 percent show no detectable mutant phenotype at all and resemble wild type.Explain the possible molecular-genetic basis of these three mutant categories, inventing examples where possible.
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Chapter 14 Solutions
BIOLOGY (LL)
Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 14.2 - Which genes are under the control of the lac...Ch. 14.2 - With regard to regulatory proteins and small...Ch. 14.2 - What were the key observations made by Jacob,...Ch. 14.2 - CoreSKILL What was the eventual hypothesis...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 3EQCh. 14.2 - Core Skill: Connections Look back at Fig 9.12....Ch. 14.2 - What are the advantages of having both an...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 2CSCh. 14.3 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 14.4 - What are the two opposing effects that histone...Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 1CSCh. 14.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 14.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 14 - Prob. 1TYCh. 14 - Prob. 2TYCh. 14 - Transcription factors that bind to DNA and...Ch. 14 - Prob. 4TYCh. 14 - For the lac operon, what would be the expected...Ch. 14 - Prob. 6TYCh. 14 - The trp operon is considered _____ blank operon...Ch. 14 - Prob. 8TYCh. 14 - Prob. 9TYCh. 14 - _____ blank refers to the process that allows a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 1CQCh. 14 - Transcriptional regulation often involves a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 3CQCh. 14 - Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of...Ch. 14 - Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of...
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- Discuss posttranslational mechanisms for controlling prokaryotic gene expression including attentuators and riboswitches.arrow_forwardDiscuss the gene silencing of eukaryotic genes. What is the purpose of this mechanism and how it works?arrow_forward4) The fact that splicing is a strategy to optimize the use of the genome in eukaryotes is evidenced in C. elegans, which with 20,000 genes can synthesize more than 20,000 proteins. True or false 7) The mutation in the myostatin protein that results in mice with hypertrophied muscles results from a premature stop codon that results in a truncated (shorter than necessary) protein that loses its function of stopping cell division of muscle cells. What post-transcriptional quality control mechanisms fail here? (two apply) a) polyadenylation b) NMD c) splicing d) capping e) methylation 10) The nuclear transplant experiment results in: a) KO or knockout b) transgenic organisms c) RNAi (interference) d) animal cloningarrow_forward
- Provide a detailed description of gene expression and control in prokaryotes. Provide a detailed description of proteins critical for this process. (please hand draw a figure showing gene expression and control in prokaryotes and the proteins involved)arrow_forwardContrast the characteristics of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genes. What are the implications for transcription, protein translation and gene regulation?arrow_forwardWhich of the following key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription are TRUE? Check all that apply. prokaryotic transcription occurs in the cytoplasm, while eukaryotic transcription occurs in the nucleus eukaryotic transcription is carried out by 1 RNA polymerase, while prokaryotic transcription is carried out by 3 different RNA polymerases eukaryotic transcripts are processed, while prokaryotic transcripts are translated while transcription is still occurring prokaryotes have sigma factors for specificity of binding whereas eukaryotes have multiple general transcription factors prokaryotes have to worry about unpackaging the DNA for transcription, while eukaryotes have almost naked DNA not bound up by nucleosomearrow_forward
- A molecular geneticist hopes to find a Gene in human liver cell that codes for an important blood-clotting protein,he knows that the nucleotide sequence of a small part of the Gene is GTGGACTGACA.briefly explain how to obtain genearrow_forwardusing example what is a degenerate primer? with the aid of diagrams discuss how degenerate primers are used to introduce random mutations in a gene and list some advantages and disadvantages of generating modified protein by this method .arrow_forwardA molecular geneticist hopes to find a gene gene in human liver cells that codes for an important blood clotting protein. He knows that the nucleotides sequence of a small part of the gene is GTGGACTGACA. briefly explain how to obtain the desired genearrow_forward
- Researchers have identified a gene (FR) responsible for watermelon resistance to infection by Dacus curcurbitae (a close relative of Drosophila melanogaster). They isolate RNA from resistant (FR+) and sensitive (fr-) watermelons and use a probe that will recognize both FR+ and fr- transcripts. They also isolate protein from resistant and sensitive watermelons and perform a Western blot using an antibody that can recognize the fr- and FR+ protein. Describe the results illustrated below and give a plausible molecular explanation for these observations.arrow_forwardDescribe the similarities and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic promoter sequences.arrow_forward. Let’s say that you have incredible skill and can isolate the white and red patches of tissue from the Drosophila eyes shown in Figure 12-24 in order to isolate mRNA from each tissue preparation. Using your knowledge of DNA techniques from Chapter 10, design an experiment that would allow you to determine whether RNA is transcribed from the white gene in the red tissue or the whitetissue or both. If you need it, you have access to radioactive white-gene DNAarrow_forward
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