Chapter 14, Problem 31PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The products for the given reactions to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Acidic cleavage of Ethers: Generally ethers are unreactive under basic or mildly acidic conditions. When the ethers are heated with a concentrated solution of a strong acid, ether will undergo acidic cleavage in which ether is converted into two alkyl halides.

$\text{HBr \&}\text{HI}$ Acids are used to cleave ether. $\text{HCl}$ Is less effective, but $\text{HF}$ acid does not cleave ethers due to the relative nucleophilicity of the halide ions.

Two step mechanistic ways:

1. I. Proton transfer.
2. II. Nucleophile attack via ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{2}$ process.

To identify: The products for the give reactions to be identified.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The products for the given reactions to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Acidic cleavage of Ethers: Generally ethers are unreactive under basic or mildly acidic conditions. When the ethers are heated with a concentrated solution of a strong acid, ether will undergo acidic cleavage in which ether is converted into two alkyl halides.

$\text{HBr \&}\text{HI}$ Acids are used to cleave ether. $\text{HCl}$ Is less effective, but $\text{HF}$ acid does not cleave ethers due to the relative nucleophilicity of the halide ions.

Two step mechanistic ways:

1. I. Proton transfer.
2. II. Nucleophile attack via ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{2}$ process.

To identify: The products for the give reactions to be identified.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The products for the given reactions to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Acidic cleavage of Ethers: Generally ethers are unreactive under basic or mildly acidic conditions. When the ethers are heated with a concentrated solution of a strong acid, ether will undergo acidic cleavage in which ether is converted into two alkyl halides.

$\text{HBr \&}\text{HI}$ Acids are used to cleave ether. $\text{HCl}$ Is less effective, but $\text{HF}$ acid does not cleave ethers due to the relative nucleophilicity of the halide ions.

Two step mechanistic ways:

1. I. Proton transfer.
2. II. Nucleophile attack via ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{2}$ process.

To identify: The products for the give reactions to be identified.