Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305073951
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 14, Problem 3DAA
Summary Introduction
To explain: How skin color of indigenous people correlate with the amount of UV radiation incident in their native regions.
Introduction: Different parts of earth have variable exposure to UV radiations. The reflectance index is a measure of amount of light energy especially UV radiations absorbed by body per area unit. Melanosomes in skin synthesize melanin pigment and account for the human skin color. More melanin pigment provides protection against UV radiations and reflects less light.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Explain the roles of Vitamin B and Vitamin D in the evolution of skin color. Use appropriate anthropological terms (such as "natural selection" and "phenotype") Be sure to discuss both Vitamin B folate and Vitamin D as they have different effects?
Can the effects of UV light on the folate explain the full variation of human skin color that exists among human populations today? Expain your reasoning.
How does skin color throughout the world match up with UV exposure?
A.
Darker skin is usually found in high UV areas while lighter skin is usually found in low UV areas
B.
UV rays are the same throughout the world, so there is no pattern or correlation with skin color
C.
Skin color throughout the world does not match up with UV exposure
D.
Lighter skin is usually found in high UV areas while darker skin is usually found in low UV areas
Chapter 14 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 14 - Constructing a pedigree is particularly useful...Ch. 14 - Prob. 2SQCh. 14 - Prob. 3SQCh. 14 - Prob. 4SQCh. 14 - Prob. 5SQCh. 14 - A trait that is present in a male child but not in...Ch. 14 - Color blindness is a case of ______ inheritance....Ch. 14 - A female child inherits one X chromosome from her...Ch. 14 - Prob. 1DAACh. 14 - Prob. 2DAA
Ch. 14 - Prob. 3DAACh. 14 - Prob. 9SQCh. 14 - Expression of the SRY gene on the Y chromosome...Ch. 14 - Prob. 11SQCh. 14 - Prob. 12SQCh. 14 - Prob. 13SQCh. 14 - Prob. 14SQCh. 14 - Match the chromosome terms appropriately. ____...Ch. 14 - Prob. 1GPCh. 14 - Does the phenotype indicated by the red circles...Ch. 14 - Human females have two X chromosomes (XX); males...Ch. 14 - A mutated allele responsible for Marfan syndrome...Ch. 14 - The somatic cells of most individuals with Down...Ch. 14 - Mutations in the genes for clotting factor VIII...
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Similar questions
- According to the video “The Biology of Skin Color”, why is lighter skin needed in areas closer to the north and south poles where UV rays are weaker? A. Individuals with a lot of melanin would get too much UV ray penetration in their skin and they wouldn't be able to synthesize vitamin D. B. Lighter skin is not necessary in the north and south poles. C. Individuals with a lot of melanin wouldn't get enough UV ray penetration in their skin to synthesize vitamin B. D. Individuals with a lot of melanin wouldn't get enough UV ray penetration in their skin to synthesize vitamin D.arrow_forwardHuman populations living in countries in the northern latitudes, such as Finland, have a lighter complexion than people living in the tropical countries. What do you think is the reason for this difference?arrow_forwardAccording to the video “The Biology of Skin Color”, how does UV exposure vary throughout the world? A. The UV rays are the same at the equator and the earth's poles B. There are higher UV rays near the equator and lower UV rays towards the north and south poles C. UV rays don't vary across the globe D. There are lower UV rays near the equator and higher UV rays towards the north and south polesarrow_forward
- According to the video “The Biology of Skin Color”, why are UV rays dangerous to our bodies? What can they do? A. UV rays can mutate the DNA in our skin cells B. UV rays can cause skin cancer C. UV rays can destroy folate D. All of the abovearrow_forwardYou will now look at another figure that has to do with skin color. One way to measure skin color is by skin reflectance. Scientists can shine visible light on a portion of skin (typically the inside of the arm) and then measure how much light is reflected back. Dark skin reflects less visible light than does light skin. The lower the reflectance value, therefore, the darker the skin. Figure 2. Relationship between Skin Reflectance and Latitude. This figure shows how skin reflectance changes with latitude. Negative latitudes are south of the equator (located at 0°), and positive latitudes are north of the equator. Available reflectance data from multiple sources were combined to form this graph. All combined data were obtained using a reflectometer with an output of 680 nanometers (i.e., a wavelength of visible light) and placed on the subjects’ upper or lower inner arms. (Source: Panel B of Figure 2 in Barsh(2003). Graph originally captioned as “Summary of 102 skin reflectance…arrow_forwardBased on everything that you have learned so far, provide an explanation for how the different shades of skin color from pinkish white to dark brown evolved throughout human history.arrow_forward
- 10. Based on what you know about skin pigmentation so far, suggest a mechanism by which UV intensity could provide a selective pressure on the evolution of human skin color. In other words, propose a hypothesis that links skin color to evolutionary fitness.arrow_forwardSixteen percent of a population is unable to taste the chemical PTC. These non-tasters are recessive for the tasting gene. What percentage of individuals in the population are tasters? ______________ What is the frequency of the dominant and recessive allele? _____________________________ What percentage of the population are heterozygous for the trait? ___________________arrow_forwardAbout 9 percent of Caucasian males are color-blind andcannot distinguish red-colored from green-coloredobjects.a. Offer one genetic model for color blindness.b. Explain why and how color blindness has reached afrequency of 9 percent in this populationarrow_forward
- Why is the color blindness gene still common in today's population?arrow_forwardThe compound phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) tastes very bitter to most persons. The inability to taste PTC is controlled by a single recessive gene. In the American white population, about 70% can taste PTC while 30% cannot (are non-tasters). Estimate the frequencies of the Taster (T) and nontaster (t) alleles in this population as well as the frequencies of the genotypes.arrow_forwardIs the heritability of human skin color in a particualr city greater in the summer? Please explain whyarrow_forward
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