Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134711751
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 14, Problem 5SQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Mass extinction is an event that involved the extinction of very large populations of biodiversity on earth. It occurs when the rate of extinction is more than the rate of
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Which factor most likely caused animals and plants in India todiffer greatly from species in nearby southeast Asia?(A) The species became separated by convergent evolution.(B) The climates of the two regions are similar.(C) India is in the process of separating from the rest of Asia.(D) India was a separate continent until 45 million years ago.
The fossil record shows that in just the last 600 million years, there have been five instances of sharp decreases in the diversity and abundance of living organisms. what are these events?
a. droughts
b. mass extinctions
c. reversals of the earth's magnetic field
d. great migration
The fossil record provides evidence for:
A.When organisms lived on earth
B. How some species have gone extinct
C.How species evolved
D. All of the above
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- During the Precambrian, _______. a. atmospheric oxygen concentration declined b. bacteria, archaea, and early eukaryotes arose c. dinosaurs became extinct d. all of the abovearrow_forwardThe Hawaiian silverswords are an excellent example of which evolutionary process? (a) allometry (b) preadaptation (c) microevolution (d) adaptive radiation (e) extinctionarrow_forwardIn evolutionary trees, each node represents an __________. a. single lineage c. divergence b. extinction d. adaptive radiation.arrow_forward
- The fossil record (a) usually occurs in sedimentary rock (b) sometimes appears fragmentary (c) is relatively complete for tropical rainforest organisms but incomplete for aquatic organisms (d) a and b (e) a, b, and carrow_forwardAardvarks, anteaters, and pangolins are only distantly related but are similar in structure and form as a result of (a) homology (b) convergent evolution (c) biogeography (d) vestigial structures (e) artificial selectionarrow_forwardThe pupfishes in the Death Valley region are an example of which evolutionary process? (a) background extinction (b) allopatric speciation (c) sympatric speciation (d) allopolyploidy (e) paedomorphosisarrow_forward
- The first interval of Earths existence is called the ________. a. Cambrian c. Proterozoic eon b. Hadean eon d. Archean eonarrow_forwardAfter the mass extinction that occurred 65 million years ago, mammals rapidly diversified to occupy habitats that were previously unavailable to them. What concept does this illustrate? A. Adaptive radiation B. Cretaceous selection C. Reproductive isolationD. Heterozygote advantagearrow_forwardAn adaptive radiation is________. a. a burst of speciation b. a healthy level of UV radiation c. a hypothesized cause of a mass extinction d. evidence of an asteroid impactarrow_forward
- Energy, the absence of molecular oxygen, chemical building blocks, and time were the requirements for (a) chemical evolution (b) biological evolution (c) the Cambrian radiation (d) the mass extinction episode at the end of the Cretaceous period (e) directed evolutionarrow_forwardThere have been five main mass extinctions. Match each mass extinction event to its description. 1. Permian extinction 2. Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction 3. Triassic extinction 4. Devonian extinction 5. Ordovician extinction a. This extinction was most likely due to a change in sea level. During this event, about 60% of all marine species were eliminated. b. This is the best-known mass extinction. It eliminated most large animals, including the dinosaurs. c. This was the most severe extinction event. About 96% of life on Earth died during this event. d. This extinction was most likely caused by climate change. About 80% of land animals died during this event. e. This extinction was most likely due to a change in sea level. It especially affected coral reefs.arrow_forwardWe live in the Cenozoic era, and scientists know more about this era and the epochs it’s divided into than any other time period. Why is this? A. We know more about the Cenozoic era because this is the only era that has had a wide diversity of species living on Earth. B. We know more about the Cenozoic era because this is the most recent time period in the history of the Earth, and we have more information available to study. C. We know more about the Cenozoic era because the planet’s poles reversed magnetic fields at the beginning of this era. D. We know more about the Cenozoic era because fossils don’t exist to document previous eras.arrow_forward
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