Salicylic acid, HOC 6 H 4 CO 2 H, and its derivatives have been used as pain relievers for a long time. Salicylic acid occurs in small amounts in the leaves, bark, and roots of some vegetation (most notably historically in the bark of the willow tree). Extracts of these plants have been used as medications for centuries. The acid was first isolated in the laboratory in 1838. (a) Bath functional groups of salicylic acid ionize in water, with K a = 1.0 × 10 − 3 for the—CO 2 H group and 4.20 × 10 − 13 for the -OH group. What is the pH of a saturated solution of the acid (solubility = 1.8 g/L).. (b) Aspirin was discovered as a result of efforts to produce a derivative of salicylic acid that would not be irritating to the stomach lining. Aspirin is acetylsalicylic acid, CH 3 CO 2 C 6 H 4 CO 2 H. The -CO 2 H functional group is still present, but its acidity is reduced, K a = 3.0 × 10 − 4 . What is the pH of a solution of aspirin with the same concentration as a saturated solution of salicylic acid (See Part a). (c) Under some conditions, aspirin reacts with water and forms a solution of salicylic acid and acetic acid: CH 3 CO 2 C 6 H 4 CO 2 H ( a q ) + H 2 O ( l ) → HOC 6 H 4 CO 2 H ( a q ) + CH 3 CO 2 H ( a q ) i. Which of the acids, salicylic acid or acetic acid, produces more hydronium ions in such a solution? ii. What are the concentrations of molecules and ions in a solution produced by the hydrolysis of 0.50 g of aspirin dissolved in enough water to give 75 mL of solution?
Salicylic acid, HOC 6 H 4 CO 2 H, and its derivatives have been used as pain relievers for a long time. Salicylic acid occurs in small amounts in the leaves, bark, and roots of some vegetation (most notably historically in the bark of the willow tree). Extracts of these plants have been used as medications for centuries. The acid was first isolated in the laboratory in 1838. (a) Bath functional groups of salicylic acid ionize in water, with K a = 1.0 × 10 − 3 for the—CO 2 H group and 4.20 × 10 − 13 for the -OH group. What is the pH of a saturated solution of the acid (solubility = 1.8 g/L).. (b) Aspirin was discovered as a result of efforts to produce a derivative of salicylic acid that would not be irritating to the stomach lining. Aspirin is acetylsalicylic acid, CH 3 CO 2 C 6 H 4 CO 2 H. The -CO 2 H functional group is still present, but its acidity is reduced, K a = 3.0 × 10 − 4 . What is the pH of a solution of aspirin with the same concentration as a saturated solution of salicylic acid (See Part a). (c) Under some conditions, aspirin reacts with water and forms a solution of salicylic acid and acetic acid: CH 3 CO 2 C 6 H 4 CO 2 H ( a q ) + H 2 O ( l ) → HOC 6 H 4 CO 2 H ( a q ) + CH 3 CO 2 H ( a q ) i. Which of the acids, salicylic acid or acetic acid, produces more hydronium ions in such a solution? ii. What are the concentrations of molecules and ions in a solution produced by the hydrolysis of 0.50 g of aspirin dissolved in enough water to give 75 mL of solution?
Salicylic acid, HOC6H4CO2H, and its derivatives have been used as pain relievers for a long time. Salicylic acid occurs in small amounts in the leaves, bark, and roots of some vegetation (most notably historically in the bark of the willow tree). Extracts of these plants have been used as medications for centuries. The acid was first isolated in the laboratory in 1838.
(a) Bath functional groups of salicylic acid ionize in water, with
K
a
=
1.0
×
10
−
3
for the—CO2H group and
4.20
×
10
−
13
for the -OH group. What is the pH of a saturated solution of the acid (solubility = 1.8 g/L)..
(b) Aspirin was discovered as a result of efforts to produce a derivative of salicylic acid that would not be irritating to the stomach lining. Aspirin is acetylsalicylic acid, CH3CO2C6H4CO2H. The -CO2H functional group is still present, but its acidity is reduced,
K
a
=
3.0
×
10
−
4
. What is the pH of a solution of aspirin with the same concentration as a saturated solution of salicylic acid (See Part a).
(c) Under some conditions, aspirin reacts with water and forms a solution of salicylic acid and acetic acid:
CH
3
CO
2
C
6
H
4
CO
2
H
(
a
q
)
+
H
2
O
(
l
)
→
HOC
6
H
4
CO
2
H
(
a
q
)
+
CH
3
CO
2
H
(
a
q
)
i. Which of the acids, salicylic acid or acetic acid, produces more hydronium ions in such a solution?
ii. What are the concentrations of molecules and ions in a solution produced by the hydrolysis of 0.50 g of aspirin dissolved in enough water to give 75 mL of solution?
Hydrochloric acid is one of the common acids used in the laboratory. It is a very strong acid and react with many substances including metals.
(a) Why is hydrochloric acid classified as a strong acid?
(b) Write a chemical equation to represent its action on zinc
(c) What is observed when:
litmus paper is dipped in hydrochloric acid?
two drops of methyl orange is put in 20cm3 of 0.1M hydrochloric acid?
iii. Hydrochloric acid react with calcium carbonate
Suppose that, instead of using NaOH, a base such as Ba(OH)2 had been used. What changes in the calculations would then have to be made to determine the molar concentrations of the base?
What is the concentration of HCN(aq) in the solution?
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