HUMAN HEREDITY (LL)-W/MINDTAP ACCESS
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305717022
Author: Cummings
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 15, Problem 11QP
When the human genome sequence was finally completed, scientists were surprised to discover that the genome contains far fewer genes than expected. How many genes are present in the human genome? Scientists have also found that there are many more different kinds of proteins in human cells than there are different genes in the genome. How can this be explained?
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A large portion of the human genome is transposons. Collectively, they are most likely:
A) an equal mix of DNA and retrotransposons
B) mostly DNA transposons because they are found in DNA
C) mostly retrotransposons because they copy themselves each time they move
D) mostly DNA transposons because they can cut themselves out
a) Explain the difference between a genome and a transcriptome. Do all cells in an
organism have the same genomes and or transcriptomes?
b) Explain a method you could use to compare transcriptomes, and what you can
learn from comparing transcriptomes.
E. How many nucleotides would be required to generate a polypeptide that is 15
amino acids long? This requires knowing how many nucleotides of DNA code for
one amino acid.
F. Assuming that there are between 20,000-25,000 genes in the human genome, do
you think there are 1) fewer, 2) approximately the same number, or 3) more
proteins in the human genome? Explain your answer.
Chapter 15 Solutions
HUMAN HEREDITY (LL)-W/MINDTAP ACCESS
Ch. 15.1 - Who Owns Your Genome? John Moore, an engineer...Ch. 15.1 - Who Owns Your Genome? John Moore, an engineer...Ch. 15 - James sees an online ad for an at-home genetic...Ch. 15 - James sees an online ad for an at-home genetic...Ch. 15 - James sees an online ad for an at-home genetic...Ch. 15 - James sees an online ad for an at-home genetic...Ch. 15 - The gene controlling ABO blood type and the gene...Ch. 15 - Hemophilia and color blindness are both recessive...Ch. 15 - Prob. 3QPCh. 15 - Prob. 4QP
Ch. 15 - How many nucleotides does the human genome...Ch. 15 - Which of the following best describes the process...Ch. 15 - Which of the following is NOT an activity carried...Ch. 15 - Prob. 8QPCh. 15 - Prob. 9QPCh. 15 - What percentage of the DNA in the genome actually...Ch. 15 - When the human genome sequence was finally...Ch. 15 - One unexpected result of the sequencing of the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 13QPCh. 15 - Prob. 14QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15QPCh. 15 - Prob. 16QPCh. 15 - Prob. 17QP
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- What percentage of the DNA in the genome actually corresponds to genes? How much is actually protein-coding exons? What makes up the rest?arrow_forwardIn a study showing that approximately 10% of protein-coding genes are essential for Cell survival .This translates into which of the following number of essential genes in the human genome .a)100 b) 500 c)1000 d)2000arrow_forwardThe Human Genome Project resulted in the identification of 20,000 genes that code for proteins in humans. On average, each gene can code for 4 different proteins. Which of the following processes explains how a single gene could code for more than one protein? A) the central dogma of molecular biology B) mutations C) alternative splicing D) redundancy in the genetic code E) the fact that there are three stop codonsarrow_forward
- Clearly, all humans have variations in their DNA sequences. How is it possible to sequence the human genome if every individual is unique? How was the diversity of the human genome addressed?arrow_forwardYou are interested in finding out the function of a particular gene in the mouse genome. You have determined the nucleotide sequence of the gene, defined the portion that codes for its protein product, and searched the relevant database for similar sequences; however, neither the gene nor the encoded protein resembles anything previously described. What types of additional information about the gene and the encoded protein would you like to know in order to narrow down its function, and why?arrow_forwardWhat exactly is a genome?arrow_forward
- What does the future hold for genomes? How will they be different in 100, 1,000, 1 million, or 1 billion years? Make this a long discussion.arrow_forwardHow many genes are there in a human cell .arrow_forwardBased on our modern understanding, what revisions are necessary to the original one-gene / one-enzyme hypothesis? (Check all that apply.) Alternative splicing allows one gene to encode multiple polypeptides. Some genes encode RNAs, not enzymes. Some genes encode lipids, not enzymes. Some genes encode polypeptides that are not enzymes, such as structural proteins. Proteins as functional units may be composed of several polypeptides, so genes may encode just one polypeptide within a larger protein. Enzymes are not encoded by genes after all — they are constructed through separate biochemical processes.arrow_forward
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