(a) Interpretation: An explanation for higher stability of triphenylmethyl radical than other radicals is to be stated. Concept introduction: The delocalization of lone pair or free electrons from one place to another is known as resonance. The stability of compound depends upon the number of resonating structures. More the resonating structures of compound more will be its stability.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 15.77P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: An explanation for higher stability of triphenylmethyl radical than other radicals is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The delocalization of lone pair or free electrons from one place to another is known as resonance. The stability of compound depends upon the number of resonating structures. More the resonating structures of compound more will be its stability.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The dimerization of two triphenylmethyl radicals to form A is to be represented by the use of curved arrow notation.

Concept introduction: The delocalization of lone pair or free electrons from one place to another is known as resonance. The stability of compound depends upon the number of resonating structures. More the resonating structures of compound more will its stability.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: A reason for the formation of A rather than hexaphenylethane is to be proposed.

Concept introduction: The chemical reaction which proceeds through the formation of radicals is known as chain reaction. It involves three steps, initiation, propagation and termination.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation: An explanation of the use of 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy to distinguish between hexaphenylethane and A is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Spectroscopy method is used to identify the structure of the molecule. It is based on the interactions between matter and electromagnetic radiations. Proton NMR spectroscopy identifies the number of hydrogen atoms present in a molecule and the nature of the functional group. The value of chemical peaks depends upon the chemical environment around the hydrogen atom.

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The triphenylmethyl radical is an unusual persistent radical present insolution in equilibrium with its dimer. For 70 years the dimer was thoughtto be hexaphenylethane, but in 1970, NMR data showed it to be A. a.) Why is the triphenylmethyl radical more stable than most otherradicals?b.) Use curved arrow notation to show how two triphenylmethyl radicalsdimerize to form A.c.) Propose a reason for the formation of A rather than hexaphenylethane.d.) How could 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy be used to distinguishbetween hexaphenylethane and A ?

The triphenylmethyl radical is an unusual persistent radical present in solution in equilibrium with its dimer. For 70 years the dimer was thought to be hexaphenylethane, but in 1970, NMR data showed it to be A. a.Why is the triphenylmethyl radical more stable than most other radicals? b.Use curved arrow notation to show how two triphenylmethyl radicals dimerize to form A. c.Propose a reason for the formation of A rather than hexaphenylethane. d.How could 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy be used to distinguish between hexaphenylethane and A?

Rank the following species from best nucleophile to poorest nucleophile in an aqueous solution:

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 15.77P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: An explanation for higher stability of triphenylmethyl radical than other radicals is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The delocalization of lone pair or free electrons from one place to another is known as resonance. The stability of compound depends upon the number of resonating structures. More the resonating structures of compound more will be its stability.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The dimerization of two triphenylmethyl radicals to form A is to be represented by the use of curved arrow notation.

Concept introduction: The delocalization of lone pair or free electrons from one place to another is known as resonance. The stability of compound depends upon the number of resonating structures. More the resonating structures of compound more will its stability.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: A reason for the formation of A rather than hexaphenylethane is to be proposed.

Concept introduction: The chemical reaction which proceeds through the formation of radicals is known as chain reaction. It involves three steps, initiation, propagation and termination.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation: An explanation of the use of 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy to distinguish between hexaphenylethane and A is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Spectroscopy method is used to identify the structure of the molecule. It is based on the interactions between matter and electromagnetic radiations. Proton NMR spectroscopy identifies the number of hydrogen atoms present in a molecule and the nature of the functional group. The value of chemical peaks depends upon the chemical environment around the hydrogen atom.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 15.77P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: An explanation for higher stability of triphenylmethyl radical than other radicals is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The delocalization of lone pair or free electrons from one place to another is known as resonance. The stability of compound depends upon the number of resonating structures. More the resonating structures of compound more will be its stability.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The dimerization of two triphenylmethyl radicals to form A is to be represented by the use of curved arrow notation.

Concept introduction: The delocalization of lone pair or free electrons from one place to another is known as resonance. The stability of compound depends upon the number of resonating structures. More the resonating structures of compound more will its stability.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: A reason for the formation of A rather than hexaphenylethane is to be proposed.

Concept introduction: The chemical reaction which proceeds through the formation of radicals is known as chain reaction. It involves three steps, initiation, propagation and termination.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation: An explanation of the use of 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy to distinguish between hexaphenylethane and A is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Spectroscopy method is used to identify the structure of the molecule. It is based on the interactions between matter and electromagnetic radiations. Proton NMR spectroscopy identifies the number of hydrogen atoms present in a molecule and the nature of the functional group. The value of chemical peaks depends upon the chemical environment around the hydrogen atom.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 15.77P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: An explanation for higher stability of triphenylmethyl radical than other radicals is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The delocalization of lone pair or free electrons from one place to another is known as resonance. The stability of compound depends upon the number of resonating structures. More the resonating structures of compound more will be its stability.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The dimerization of two triphenylmethyl radicals to form A is to be represented by the use of curved arrow notation.

Concept introduction: The delocalization of lone pair or free electrons from one place to another is known as resonance. The stability of compound depends upon the number of resonating structures. More the resonating structures of compound more will its stability.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: A reason for the formation of A rather than hexaphenylethane is to be proposed.

Concept introduction: The chemical reaction which proceeds through the formation of radicals is known as chain reaction. It involves three steps, initiation, propagation and termination.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation: An explanation of the use of 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy to distinguish between hexaphenylethane and A is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Spectroscopy method is used to identify the structure of the molecule. It is based on the interactions between matter and electromagnetic radiations. Proton NMR spectroscopy identifies the number of hydrogen atoms present in a molecule and the nature of the functional group. The value of chemical peaks depends upon the chemical environment around the hydrogen atom.

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Answer 5

Chapter 15, Problem 15.77P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: An explanation for higher stability of triphenylmethyl radical than other radicals is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The delocalization of lone pair or free electrons from one place to another is known as resonance. The stability of compound depends upon the number of resonating structures. More the resonating structures of compound more will be its stability.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The dimerization of two triphenylmethyl radicals to form A is to be represented by the use of curved arrow notation.

Concept introduction: The delocalization of lone pair or free electrons from one place to another is known as resonance. The stability of compound depends upon the number of resonating structures. More the resonating structures of compound more will its stability.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: A reason for the formation of A rather than hexaphenylethane is to be proposed.

Concept introduction: The chemical reaction which proceeds through the formation of radicals is known as chain reaction. It involves three steps, initiation, propagation and termination.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation: An explanation of the use of 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy to distinguish between hexaphenylethane and A is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Spectroscopy method is used to identify the structure of the molecule. It is based on the interactions between matter and electromagnetic radiations. Proton NMR spectroscopy identifies the number of hydrogen atoms present in a molecule and the nature of the functional group. The value of chemical peaks depends upon the chemical environment around the hydrogen atom.

Answer 6

Chapter 15, Problem 15.77P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: An explanation for higher stability of triphenylmethyl radical than other radicals is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The delocalization of lone pair or free electrons from one place to another is known as resonance. The stability of compound depends upon the number of resonating structures. More the resonating structures of compound more will be its stability.

Answer 7

Chapter 15, Problem 15.77P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: An explanation for higher stability of triphenylmethyl radical than other radicals is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The delocalization of lone pair or free electrons from one place to another is known as resonance. The stability of compound depends upon the number of resonating structures. More the resonating structures of compound more will be its stability.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The dimerization of two triphenylmethyl radicals to form A is to be represented by the use of curved arrow notation.

Concept introduction: The delocalization of lone pair or free electrons from one place to another is known as resonance. The stability of compound depends upon the number of resonating structures. More the resonating structures of compound more will its stability.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The dimerization of two triphenylmethyl radicals to form A is to be represented by the use of curved arrow notation.

Concept introduction: The delocalization of lone pair or free electrons from one place to another is known as resonance. The stability of compound depends upon the number of resonating structures. More the resonating structures of compound more will its stability.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: A reason for the formation of A rather than hexaphenylethane is to be proposed.

Concept introduction: The chemical reaction which proceeds through the formation of radicals is known as chain reaction. It involves three steps, initiation, propagation and termination.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: A reason for the formation of A rather than hexaphenylethane is to be proposed.

Concept introduction: The chemical reaction which proceeds through the formation of radicals is known as chain reaction. It involves three steps, initiation, propagation and termination.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation: An explanation of the use of 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy to distinguish between hexaphenylethane and A is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Spectroscopy method is used to identify the structure of the molecule. It is based on the interactions between matter and electromagnetic radiations. Proton NMR spectroscopy identifies the number of hydrogen atoms present in a molecule and the nature of the functional group. The value of chemical peaks depends upon the chemical environment around the hydrogen atom.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation: An explanation of the use of 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy to distinguish between hexaphenylethane and A is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Spectroscopy method is used to identify the structure of the molecule. It is based on the interactions between matter and electromagnetic radiations. Proton NMR spectroscopy identifies the number of hydrogen atoms present in a molecule and the nature of the functional group. The value of chemical peaks depends upon the chemical environment around the hydrogen atom.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.1P Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.2P Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.3P Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.4P Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.5P Ch. 15 - Problem 15.6 Using mechanism 15.1 as guide, write...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.7P Ch. 15 - Problem 15.8 Which bond in the each compound is...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.9P Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains that the delocalization of lone pair or free electrons from one place to another is known as resonance.

Concept explainers

(c)

Interpretation: A reason for the formation of A rather than hexaphenylethane is to be proposed.

Concept introduction: The chemical reaction which proceeds through the formation of radicals is known as chain reaction. It involves three steps, initiation, propagation and termination.

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Chapter 15 Solutions

Solution Summary: The author explains that the delocalization of lone pair or free electrons from one place to another is known as resonance.

Concept explainers

(c) Interpretation: A reason for the formation of A rather than hexaphenylethane is to be proposed. Concept introduction: The chemical reaction which proceeds through the formation of radicals is known as chain reaction. It involves three steps, initiation, propagation and termination.

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Chapter 15 Solutions

(c)

Interpretation: A reason for the formation of A rather than hexaphenylethane is to be proposed.

Concept introduction: The chemical reaction which proceeds through the formation of radicals is known as chain reaction. It involves three steps, initiation, propagation and termination.