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Introduction: A mutation is a sudden change in the genome of an organism. The change obtained can be hereditary or can be influenced by means of a mutagen. The period of mutagen exposure determines the degree by which an organism is affected.
Answer to Problem 1TY
Correct answer: A mutation in which there is a removal of single base pair within the coding sequence of a gene and the inactivation of the protein encoded by the gene is called “a frameshift mutation”. Hence, the correct answer is option d.
Explanation of Solution
Reason for correct answer:
The addition and deletion of a single base pair in DNA results in frameshift mutations. In this type of mutation, there is a shifting of the reading frame at the site of mutation which results in the formation of non-functional genes.
Option d. is given as “a frameshift mutation.”
A type of mutation in which there is a deletion of single base pair in the coding sequence of a gene and the inactivation of the protein encoded by the genes is called “a frameshift mutation”. Hence, the correct answer is option d.
Reason for incorrect answer:
Option a. is given as “a silent mutation.”
A silent mutation is a type of point mutation and it does not affect the gene product. Hence, option a. is incorrect.
Option b. is given as “a missense mutation.”
The missense mutations take place by means of base substitutions. Hence, option b. is incorrect.
Option c. is given as, “a nonsense mutation.”
When the process of translation terminates by means of stop codon, the formed protein can be short and nonfunctional. Such mutation is called as nonsense mutation. Hence, option c. is incorrect.
Option e. is given as “both b and c.”
Both missense mutation and nonsense mutation cannot be expressed by the means addition or deletion of
Hence, the options a., b., c. and e. are incorrect.
A “frameshift mutation” is a mutation in which there is a removal of a single base pair within the coding sequence and the inactivation of the protein encoded by the gene.
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Chapter 15 Solutions
Biology
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