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Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues - With Access (Custom)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781323045237
Author: Johnson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 15, Problem 8TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The nephrons are the functional unit of the kidney. A nephron is divided into various sections, which are distributed over the cortex and medulla. The glomerular capsule is a cup-shaped structure, which receives the blood vessels known as a glomerulus.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Which of the following is NOT a component of the glomerular filtration barrier?
a. Endothelial cells
b. Lamina Densa
c. Lamina Reticularis
d. Lamina Rara
e. Podocytes
Glomerular filtration can be increased by which of the following?
A. Increasing blood flow via afferent arteriole
B. Decreasing blood flow via afferent arteriole
C. Decreasing arterial blood pressure
D. Increasing blood flow via efferent arteriole
The answer is (A) Increasing blood flow via afferent arteriole. Please explain why it is not the other options (B,C,D)
Which of the following will decrease filtration at the glomerulus? ( check all that apply)
A. Low colloid osmotic pressure
B. Low capsular pressure
C. A relatively large diameter of theefferent arterioles compared to theafferent arteriole.
D. Increased number of podocytes at theglomerulus
Chapter 15 Solutions
Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues - With Access (Custom)
Ch. 15 - Prob. 1QCCh. 15 - Prob. 2QCCh. 15 - Should the government set up a national registry...Ch. 15 -
1. Describe in general terms the kidneys' role in...Ch. 15 - Prob. 2CRCh. 15 - Prob. 3CRCh. 15 - Prob. 4CRCh. 15 - Prob. 5CRCh. 15 - Prob. 6CRCh. 15 - Indicate the primary stimulus for the secretion of...
Ch. 15 - Describe the function of the hormone aldosterone.Ch. 15 - Prob. 9CRCh. 15 - Prob. 10CRCh. 15 - Prob. 1TYCh. 15 - Three of the choices below are organ systems...Ch. 15 -
3. The________ detoxifies ammonia, producing...Ch. 15 - Prob. 4TYCh. 15 - Prob. 5TYCh. 15 - Prob. 6TYCh. 15 - Protein is generally not found in the urine...Ch. 15 - Prob. 8TYCh. 15 -
9. Which of the following would not be found in...Ch. 15 - Which of the following is most responsible for the...Ch. 15 - In tubular absorption, which of the following...Ch. 15 - Prob. 12TYCh. 15 - Prob. 13TYCh. 15 - Prob. 14TYCh. 15 - All of the following statements about UTIs are...Ch. 15 - Prob. 1AWKCh. 15 - Prob. 2AWKCh. 15 - Prob. 3AWKCh. 15 - The kidneys filter a large volume of fluid,...Ch. 15 - Why aren't children already potty trained–able to...Ch. 15 - A possible complication of a strep throat...
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- Which of the following does not contribute to the process of filtration? (a) active transport by epithelial cells lining renal tubules (b) large surface area for filtration (c) low permeability of glomerular capillaries (d) high hydrostatic blood pressure in glomerular capillaries (e) podocytesarrow_forwardThe afferent arteriole delivers blood to the (a) renal artery (b) efferent arteriole (c) renal vein (d) capillaries of the glomerulus (e) peritubular capillariesarrow_forwardBlood pressure forces water and small solutes out of blood and into nephrons during ________. a. glomerular filtration c. tubular secretion b. tubular reabsorption d. both a and carrow_forward
- As a person ages, nephron tubules lose some of their ability to concentrate urine. What is the effect of this change?arrow_forwardThe kidney has more _____ than any of the other structures listed:-. a. arcuate arteries d. afferent arterioles b. minor calyces e. collecting ducts c. medullary pyramidsarrow_forwardIn the kidneys where does most of the tubular reabsorption occur a. Proximal convoluted tubule b. Collecting duct c. Glomerulus d. Distal convoluted tubulearrow_forward
- Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate? Select one: a. Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole b. An increase in osmotic pressure in the Bowman capsule c. A drop in colloid osmotic pressure d. Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole e. Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriolearrow_forwardIf blood pressure in the glomerulus increases, then a. net filtration pressure decreases. b. the percentage of substances reabsorbed increases. c. urine production increases. d. renin is released.arrow_forwardDrugs that target the ureter to help pass a kidney stone promote... a. vasodilation b. vasoconstrictionarrow_forward
- The glomerulus is what type of blood vessel a. Continuous arteriole b. Fenestrated arteriole c. Sinusoidal capillary d. Fenestrated capillaryarrow_forwardJuxtaglomerular cells are involved in the secretion ofa. ADH. c. aldosterone.b. angiotensin. d. reninarrow_forwardWhich one of the following statements is false?a. Blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries is greater than the osmotic pressure exerted by proteins in the plasma within the glomerular capillaries.b. If the osmotic pressure exerted by solutes in the peritubular capillaries is greater than the blood pressure in those capillaries, then water will be reabsorbed.c. Endothelial cells in glomerular capillaries are highly permeable, facilitating filtration of fluid into Bowman’s capsule.d. Constriction of the afferent arteriole is likely to reduce the volume of filtrate appearing in Bowman’s capsule.e. The efferent arteriole carries blood from the glomerular capillaries directly to the renal vein.0.5 pointsQuestion 2Your doctor calls with the results of your urinalysis and tells you that they found proteinuria, the presence of abnormal amounts of protein in your urine sample. What could have caused this?a. Infection and inflammation in the kidney.b. Abnormally high concentration of plasma…arrow_forward
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