Foundations in Microbiology
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781259705212
Author: Kathleen Park Talaro, Barry Chess Instructor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 15.L1, Problem 17MCQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
DNA that encodes target pathogen protein is employed for Vaccine preparation will stimulate immune response.
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Influenza vaccines must be changed yearly because the amino acid sequence of the viral proteins change gradually over time. Based on this information, which is the most logical conclusion? The influenza virusa) is enveloped. b) is non-enveloped.c) has a DNA genome. d) has an RNA genome.e) causes a persistent infection.
Why do vaccine manufacturers begin with tests on animals or cell lines before moving on to adult human subjects?
A live vaccine (aka attenuated vaccine) contains
A.) antibodies.
B.) a pathogen that does not cause an immune response.
C.) a pathogen that causes mild, if any, symptoms.
D.) a pathogen that does not contain recognizable epitopes.
Chapter 15 Solutions
Foundations in Microbiology
Ch. 15.1 - Summarize the general features of adaptive,...Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 2ELOCh. 15.1 - Prob. 3ELOCh. 15.1 - Prob. 4ELOCh. 15.1 - Describe the major events in the origin of...Ch. 15.1 - Describe the development of antigen receptors on...Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 7ELOCh. 15.1 - Discuss what is meant by immunocompetence, immune...Ch. 15.1 - What function do receptors play in specific immune...Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 3CYP
Ch. 15.1 - Explain the clonal selection theory of receptor...Ch. 15.1 - Why must the body develop tolerance to seit?Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 6CYPCh. 15.1 - What is happening during lymphocyte maturation?Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 8CYPCh. 15.2 - Explain the characteristics of antigens, the...Ch. 15.2 - Discuss the main categories of antigens, based on...Ch. 15.2 - What are antigens, immunogens, and epitopes, and...Ch. 15.2 - How do foreignness, size, and complexity...Ch. 15.2 - Compare five unique types of antigens, and explain...Ch. 15.3 - Describe the cooperative interactions between...Ch. 15.3 - Discuss the actions of interleukins in the early...Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 12ELOCh. 15.3 - Prob. 13ELOCh. 15.3 - Prob. 14ELOCh. 15.3 - Prob. 15ELOCh. 15.3 - Prob. 12CYPCh. 15.3 - Prob. 13CYPCh. 15.3 - Prob. 14CYPCh. 15.3 - Prob. 15CYPCh. 15.3 - Prob. 16CYPCh. 15.3 - Prob. 17CYPCh. 15.3 - Prob. 18CYPCh. 15.3 - Discuss how superantigens are different from other...Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 16ELOCh. 15.4 - Prob. 17ELOCh. 15.4 - Prob. 18ELOCh. 15.4 - Prob. 19ELOCh. 15.4 - Prob. 20CYPCh. 15.4 - What are the functions of plasma cells, clonal...Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 22CYPCh. 15.4 - Prob. 23CYPCh. 15.4 - Describe the attachment of antibodies to antigens....Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 25CYPCh. 15.4 - Prob. 26CYPCh. 15.4 - What causes the latent period and the anamnestic...Ch. 15.5 - Prob. 20ELOCh. 15.5 - Differentiate between natural and artificial...Ch. 15.5 - Expand on the four combinations of the defining...Ch. 15.5 - Prob. 28CYPCh. 15.5 - Name at least two major ways in which natural and...Ch. 15.5 - Prob. 30CYPCh. 15.6 - Explain the purposes of immunotherapy and...Ch. 15.6 - Describe the sources and uses of artificial...Ch. 15.6 - Discuss which factors are involved in vaccine...Ch. 15.6 - Identify the major categories of vaccine antigens,...Ch. 15.6 - Prob. 27ELOCh. 15.6 - Describe the preparation of killed vaccines; live,...Ch. 15.6 - Prob. 32CYPCh. 15.6 - Prob. 33CYPCh. 15.6 - Prob. 34CYPCh. 15.L1 - Which of these characteristics is not a major...Ch. 15.L1 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 15.L1 - In humans, B cells mature in the _____________ and...Ch. 15.L1 - Small, simple molecules are_________antigens. a....Ch. 15.L1 - Which type of cell actually secretes antibodies?...Ch. 15.L1 - CD4 cells are ________ cells and CD8 cells are...Ch. 15.L1 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 15.L1 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 15.L1 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 15.L1 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 15.L1 - Prob. 11MCQCh. 15.L1 - Prob. 12MCQCh. 15.L1 - Prob. 13MCQCh. 15.L1 - A living microbe with reduced virulence that is...Ch. 15.L1 - A vaccine that contains parts of viruses is called...Ch. 15.L1 - Prob. 16MCQCh. 15.L1 - Prob. 17MCQCh. 15.L1 - Prob. 18MCQCh. 15.L1 - Prob. 19MCQCh. 15.L1 - Prob. 20MCQCh. 15.L1 - Prob. 1CSRCh. 15.L1 - Prob. 2CSRCh. 15.L1 - Prob. 3CSRCh. 15.L1 - Using words and arrows, complete a flow outline of...Ch. 15.L1 - Prob. 2WCCh. 15.L1 - Prob. 3WCCh. 15.L1 - Prob. 4WCCh. 15.L1 - Prob. 5WCCh. 15.L1 - Combine information on the functions of different...Ch. 15.L2 - Prob. 1CTCh. 15.L2 - Prob. 2CTCh. 15.L2 - Double-stranded DNA is a large, complex molecule,...Ch. 15.L2 - Prob. 4CTCh. 15.L2 - Describe the relationship between an antitoxin, a...Ch. 15.L2 - Prob. 6CTCh. 15.L2 - Prob. 7CTCh. 15.L2 - Prob. 8CTCh. 15.L2 - Prob. 9CTCh. 15.L2 - Prob. 1VCCh. 15.L2 - Examine figure 6.6c and determine which components...
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- Should new vaccines be tested in children (as is currently done in adults) before they are allowed on the market? Why or why not?arrow_forwardBeginning in the 1900s how/ where did scientists produce vaccines instead of depending on human bodies to directly produce it?arrow_forwardWhich technique allows the recovery of a protein from a sample such that the recovered protein can be used in subsequent experiments? a. monoclonal antibody cocktail b. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay c. Western blot d. Southern blot e. immunoprecipitation I thought the answer is western blot but I got it wrong.. Would the answer be immunoprecipitation? I really have no idea please help..arrow_forward
- Many vaccines provide years of protection against a disease. Why doesn't the influenza vaccine offer more than a few months of protection?arrow_forwardDNA vaccines contain _______ DNA that stimulates cells to makeantigens.a. human, RNA b. microbial, protein c. human, protein d. microbial, polysaccharidearrow_forwardA vaccine that employs a toxoid is based upon a ______. A) antibody B) attenuated virus C) histamine D) inactivated form of a bacterial exotoxinarrow_forward
- Hepatitis B vaccine is a(n) _______ that health care workers should have to minimize risk of the transfer of pathogens? A 2-dose vaccine B one-dose vaccine C three-dose vaccine D oral vaccine Give typing answer with explanation and conclusionarrow_forwardDiscuss the process and give example on the following below: a. DNA Microarray Technology b. Single-Cell Technologies c. CAR T-Cell Immunotherapy Answer a,b,carrow_forwardSome older vaccines used a weakened strain of the pathogenic virus in the injection in the hope that the weakened virus would induce an immune response without causing disease. The virus vectors used in genetic engineering have all the harmful virus genes cut out and replaced with the foreign gene, such as one that makes a protein that is absent in the human patient. Which type of viral vaccine would you prefer to take as the safest option? Why?arrow_forward
- Which of the following is the best definition of antigen? Question 8 options: A) something foreign in the body B) a substance that elicits an immune response C) a chemical that combines with antibodies D) a pathogenarrow_forwardHow do vaccines work in the body? How do they utilize adaptive immune response? Also, kindly give an example (i.e., COVID vaccines).arrow_forwardSeverely immunosuppressed people should not receive the measles vaccine. Based on this information, the vaccine isa) an inactivated whole agent.b) a toxoid.c) a subunit vaccine.d) a genetically engineered vaccine against hepatitis B.e) an attenuated vaccine.arrow_forward
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