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Which of the following is an example of an epigenetic change that alters gene expression?
- chromatin remodeling
- covalent histone modification
- localization of histone variants
- DNA methylation
- all of the above
Introduction:
Epigenetic is referred to as the study of heritable alterations in the gene expression that does not include any change to the underlying deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence.
Answer to Problem 1TY
The correct answer is option (e) all of the above.
Explanation of Solution
Explanation for the correct answer:
Option (e) all of the above. The examples of epigenetic alterations include DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling, covalent histone modification, and localization histone. In the case of chromatin remodeling, the changes in the architecture of chromatin can prevent the expression of some specific genes. So, the correct answer is option (e).
Explanation for incorrect answer:
Option (a) chromatin remodeling. Chromatin remodeling is one of the examples of epigenetic change. However, DNA methylation also affects certain gene expression. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (b) covalent histone modification. Histone functions in packaging the DNA into structural units known as nucleosomes. The histone modification can prevent the expression of a gene. Moreover, chromatin remodeling also affects the expression of certain genes. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (c) localization of histone variants. The localization of histone variants affects the readability of the DNA by the cell. However, DNA methylation and chromatin remodeling also affect gene expression. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (d) DNA methylation. The addition of the methyl group to the portion of DNA affects the expression of certain genes. However, the other examples of epigenetic alteration are chromatin remodeling, localization of histone variants, and covalent histone modification. So, this is an incorrect option.
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Chapter 16 Solutions
Principles of Biology
- Which of the following is true about epigenetic modifications? -Epigenetic modifications always repress transcription -Epigenetic modifications are irreversible -Epigenetic modifications only occur on the tails of histone proteins -Epigenetic modifications influence the relationship between DNA and histone proteinsarrow_forwardWhich of the following could represent an epigenetic modification in a cell? A. Deletion of chromosome 18 B. Acetylation of histone H3 C. Deletion of a 20-nucleotide segment of chromosome 3 D. Conversion of an A to a T within a gene E. Duplication of chromosome 13arrow_forwardWhich of the following is an example of epigenetic modulation? a) Ionization-induced DNA damage b) Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) c) Free-radical induced DNA damage d) Histone modifications of DNAarrow_forward
- Possible genetic modifications that can cause epigenetic changes in gene expression include: A- all answers are correct B- histone acetylation C- chromatin remodeling D- histone variant localization  e- DNA methylationarrow_forwardGenes can be silenced through epigenetic changes that occur Genes can be silenced through epigenetic changes that occur at CpG islands located in RNA. at the C-terminus of histone tails. at lysines located in the nucleic acids sequence. at regulatory regions in DNA.arrow_forwardEpigenetic changes in gene regulation are caused by ________. missing nucleotides or chromosomes missing nucleotides or chromosomes mutations of the nucleotide sequence mutations of the nucleotide sequence modifications to histones and the DNA, but not the nucleotide sequence itselfarrow_forward
- Which of the following is a method through which cells can control their gene expression? Increase a gene's stability using post-translational modifications Epigenetic modifications of the DNA or histones to regulate DNA avilability phosphorylation of thymidines formation of crosslinks between the DNA strands and the histonesarrow_forwardEpigenetic marks regulate gene expression. Which epigenetic mark is NOT associated with positive gene expression? A. Histone acetylation B. Histone Methylation C. De-methylated DNA D. Methylated DNAarrow_forwardWhich of the following is not a major mechanism of epigenetic change? a. DNA methylation b. Alteration of a DNA base sequence in a promoter c. Histone acetylation d. Action of RNA moleculesarrow_forward
- Which of the following may produce more than one functional protein from an mRNA transcript?a. chromatin condensation b. transcriptional regulation c. epigeneticsd. alternative mRNA processingarrow_forwardEpigenetic changes in chromatin remodelling which selectively PREVENTS transcription Acetylation and phosphorylation of certain histone proteins Methylation Group of answer choices NEITHER 1 NOR 2 2 ONLY 1 AND 2 1 ONLYarrow_forwardWhich of the following is not a possible outcome of changing the epigenetic code? a) exposure of regulatory region b) binding of transcription factors c) altered gene expression d) repositioning of nucleosomes by polymerasesarrow_forward
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax