Campbell Biology in Focus; Modified Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134433776
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 16, Problem 6TYU
SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY
Prostate cells usually require testosterone and other androgens to survive. But some prostate cancer cells thrive despite treatments that eliminate androgens. One hypothesis is that estrogen, often considered a female hormone, may be activating genes normally controlled by an androgen in these cancer cells. Describe one or more experiments to test this hypothesis. (See Figure 5.23 to review the action of these steroid hormones.)
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DNA molecule, which embodies genes, the hereditary units, is found in all living things. Science showed that genes could be expressed in any microorganism, meaning that DNA will direct the synthesis of proteins needed for various biological functions and structures.To reduce the costs of production, pharmaceutical companies use biotechnology to generate human insulin in bacteria.Can you describe the steps leading to the production of this hormone in industrial quantities?
Practice ques tion 1A
Mutations in the signalling pathways depicted above have been associated with an increased
incidence of several types of cancer. Which of the below mutations (#1-5) could potentially cause
cancer in an individual? Be sure to explain why.
Info:
In many mammalian species, including humans, there is a hormone (H) that acts as a key regulator of
hexose (6 carbon sugar, eg - glucose) metabolism, cell cycle progression, and ultimately cell survival.
Hormone H regulates these effects via its receptors which are found at both the cell surface (csRu)
and within the cell (icRu). The signalling pathways that become activated in the presence of hormone
H are depicted and described below.
hormone
Signalling via the cell surface
receptor
Hormone H mediates its cell cycle
stimulatory and pro-survival effects by
binding to and activating the cell
surface hormone H receptor (csRu).
· The activated csBH activates Lyn,
which activates RAS and ultimately
the Raf/MEK/ERK kinase…
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are cancer cells (found within tumors or hematological cancers) that possess characteristics associated with normal stem cells, specifically the ability to give rise to all cell types found in a particular cancer sample. There are many biomedical engineering based approaches to detect CSCs.
Question: What kind of systems have been developed to detect CSCs? Describe by giving examples.
Please explain in detail the main findings with your own words.
Chapter 16 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus; Modified Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 16.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Explain how the signaling...Ch. 16.1 - How do fruit fly maternal effect genes determine...Ch. 16.2 - Deitys egg donor and surrogate mother were...Ch. 16.2 - WHAT IF? If you were a doctor who wanted to use...Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 16.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 16.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 16 - Muscle cells differ from nerve cells mainly...Ch. 16 - Cell differentiation always involves A. the...
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- There are many compounds that have been advertised to reduce or delay aging. Resveratrol is a compound isolated from red grapes, and can be found in red wine. This compound is thought to have substantial effects in mammals, such as preventing the growth of tumors and reducing age-related diseases. Many studies have shown that resveratrol and its derivatives cause a cell-cycle arrest in S phase and induce apoptosis. A series of cultured cells have been analyzed for DNA content in the presence and absence of these compounds using a flow cytometer. Using the controls cells (dashed line), which of the following histograms better represents the DNA content of cells treated with the compounds? The X-axis shows relative DNA content.arrow_forwardCancer stem cells (CSCs) are cancer cells (found within tumors or hematological cancers) that possess characteristics associated with normal stem cells, specifically the ability to give rise to all cell types found in a particular cancer sample. There are many biomedical engineering based approaches to detect CSCs. Question: What is the importance and advanatge of detecting Cancer stem cells (CSCs)? Please explain in details with your own words. Thank you.arrow_forwardCancer stem cells (CSCs) are cancer cells (found within tumors or hematological cancers) that possess characteristics associated with normal stem cells, specifically the ability to give rise to all cell types found in a particular cancer sample. There are many biomedical engineering based approaches to detect CSCs. Question: What is the importance and advanatge of detecting CSCs? Please explain in detail the main findings with your own words.arrow_forward
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- Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are cancer cells (found within tumors or hematological cancers) that possess characteristics associated with normal stem cells, specifically the ability to give rise to all cell types found in a particular cancer sample. There are many biomedical engineering based approaches to detect CSCs. Question: What is the importance and advantages of detecting CSCs? Make a list of it. Thank you.arrow_forwardStem cells have the potential to transform into any of the various cell types in the body, and thus researchers have explored how stem cells may be used to treat different conditions. Which conditions benefit most from this treatment? At least 351 companies in the United States are now offering unapproved stem cell procedures at 570 clinics. If you had a serious illness such as Parkinson's disease and found an unregulated clinic that offered to cure your illness using stem cell therapy, would you accept the offer? What do you think is the reason that FDA and state medical boards are indifferent to those treatment; are unaware of the scope of the problem or simply are ignoring itarrow_forwardAnother model, the random model, proposes that any cell in a malignant tumor has the potential to form a new tumor. Does the cancer stem cell hypothesis contradict this idea?arrow_forward
- Imagine you have used cBioportal and breast cancer patient datasets and identified a cancer-associated mutation in a particular protein. What would you do next to understand whether that mutation contributes to tumor progression (include experimental approach)?arrow_forwardCancer stem cells (CSCs) are cancer cells (found within tumors or hematological cancers) that possess characteristics associated with normal stem cells, specifically the ability to give rise to all cell types found in a particular cancer sample. There are many biomedical engineering based approaches to detect CSCs. Question: What kind of systems have been developed to detect CSCs? Describe by giving examples. Thank you.arrow_forwardPredict the outcome of the following hypothetical experiments and be sure to explain and be rational in addition to proposing the probable outcome of the experiment: -> you alter the Rab-GDI binding site so that it cannot interact with Rab-GDP -> you have identified a drug that can specifically deplete PI(4)P from the trans-Golgi of the cell. When you treat cells with this drug you hypothesize.... -> while investigating novel anti-cancer drugs you identify a compound that disrupts y-tubulin localization to the centrosome and disperses it throughout the cytosol. Why might this compound be a useful anti-cancer agent?arrow_forward
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