(a)
Interpretation:
The sign and magnitude of
Concept Introduction :
The intermolecular forces in a solute can be broken down by new interactions from the solution as each solute particle will be surrounded by solvent particles in a solution. This is possible when there is disruption between the solute -solute and solvent-solvent interaction.
(a)
Answer to Problem 26E
The values for
Therefore
Explanation of Solution
The process of formation of solution takes place in 3 main steps
- The solutes separating into individual components require energy making it an endothermic reaction.
- The intermolecular forces in solvent must be such that it can make space for solute which requires energy making it an endothermic reaction.
- To allow the solvent and solute molecules to interact which absorbs energy making it an exothermic reaction.
The formation of solution involves enthalpy changes which is depicted as
Result | |||||
Non polar solute, Non polar solvent | Small | Small | Small | Small | Solution will form |
Non-polar solute, polar solvent | Small | Large | Small | Large, positive | No-solution will form |
Polar solute, Non polar solvent | Large | Small | Small | Large negative | No solution will form |
Polar solute-polar solvent | Large | Large | Large, negative | small | Solution will form |
In this reaction, acetone reacts with water and as water is polar in nature, the values of each enthalpy changes are depicted as
Outcome | |||||
Polar solute, Non polar solvent | Large | Small | Small | Large negative | No solution will form |
(b)
Interpretation:
The sign and magnitude of
Concept Introduction :
The intermolecular forces in a solute can be broken down by new interactions from the solution as each solute particle will be surrounded by solvent particles in a solution. This is possible when there is disruption between the solute -solute and solvent-solvent interaction.
(b)
Answer to Problem 26E
The values for
Therefore
Explanation of Solution
The process of formation of solution takes place in 3 main steps
- The solutes separating into individual components require energy making it an endothermic reaction.
- The intermolecular forces in solvent must be such that it can make space for solute which requires energy making it an endothermic reaction.
- To allow the solvent and solute molecules to interact which absorbs energy making it an exothermic reaction.
The formation of solution involves enthalpy changes which is depicted as
Result | |||||
Non polar solute, Non polar solvent | Small | Small | Small | Small | Solution will form |
Non-polar solute, polar solvent | Small | Large | Small | Large, positive | No-solution will form |
Polar solute, Non polar solvent | Large | Small | Small | Large negative | No solution will form |
Polar solute-polar solvent | Large | Large | Large, negative | small | Solution will form |
In this reaction, ethanol reacts with water and as water is polar in nature, the values of each enthalpy changes are depicted as
Outcome | |||||
Polar solute-polar solvent | Large | Large | Large, negative | small | Solution will form |
(c)
Interpretation:
The sign and magnitude of
Concept Introduction :
The intermolecular forces in a solute can be broken down by new interactions from the solution as each solute particle will be surrounded by solvent particles in a solution. This is possible when there is disruption between the solute -solute and solvent-solvent interaction.
(c)
Answer to Problem 26E
The values for
Therefore
Explanation of Solution
The process of formation of solution takes place in 3 main steps
- The solutes separating into individual components require energy making it an endothermic reaction.
- The intermolecular forces in solvent must be such that it can make space for solute which requires energy making it an endothermic reaction.
- To allow the solvent and solute molecules to interact which absorbs energy making it an exothermic reaction.
The formation of solution involves enthalpy changes which is depicted as:
Result | |||||
Non polar solute, Non polar solvent | Small | Small | Small | Small | Solution will form |
Non-polar solute, polar solvent | Small | Large | Small | Large, positive | No-solution will form |
Polar solute, Non polar solvent | Large | Small | Small | Large negative | No solution will form |
Polar solute-polar solvent | Large | Large | Large, negative | small | Solution will form |
In this reaction, heptane reacts with hexane and as both is non-polar in nature; the values of each enthalpy changes are depicted as:
Outcome | |||||
Non polar solute, Non polar solvent | Small | Small | Small | Small | Solution will form |
(d)
Interpretation:
The sign and magnitude of
Concept Introduction :
The intermolecular forces in a solute can be broken down by new interactions from the solution as each solute particle will be surrounded by solvent particles in a solution. This can happen when there is disruption between the solute-solute and solvent-solvent interaction.
(d)
Answer to Problem 26E
The values for
Therefore
Explanation of Solution
The process of formation of solution takes place in 3 main steps
- The solutes separating into individual components require energy making it an endothermic reaction.
- The intermolecular forces in solvent must be such that it can make space for solute which requires energy making it an endothermic reaction.
- To allow the solvent and solute molecules to interact which absorbs energy making it an exothermic reaction.
The formation of solution involves enthalpy changes which are depicted as:
Result | |||||
Non polar solute, Non polar solvent | Small | Small | Small | Small | Solution will form |
Non-polar solute, polar solvent | Small | Large | Small | Large, positive | No-solution will form |
Polar solute, Non polar solvent | Large | Small | Small | Large negative | No solution will form |
Polar solute-polar solvent | Large | Large | Large, negative | small | Solution will form |
In this reaction, heptane reacts with water wherein heptane is non-polar and water is polar in nature. The values of each enthalpy changes are depicted as:
Result | |||||
Non-polar solute, polar solvent | Small | Large | Small | Large, positive | Solution will not form. |
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Chapter 17 Solutions
Chemical Principles
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