Chapter 18, Problem 101SAE

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reagent that can separate the ions ${\text{Mg}}^{\text{2+}}$ and ${\text{Cu}}^{\text{2+}}$ by precipitation of one of the ion should be chosen.

Concept introduction:

For separation of cations it should be possible to form a precipitate with a reagent specifically.

In a solution that has different ions the two basic principles for cation separation are,

1. The solubility product

2. The common ion effect.

When an ionic product of a salt exceeds its solubility product $K_{\text{sp}}$, precipitation takes place. All ionic nitrates, acetates, chlorides are soluble. Except for the chlorides of ${\text{Pb}}^{\text{2+}}$, ${\text{Ag}}^{\text{+}}$, ${\text{Cu}}^{\text{+}}$, and ${\text{Hg}}_2{}^{\text{2+}}$.