(a)
Interpretation:
The greater contribution of the structure has to be identified.
Concept introduction:
The outer most shell of the element is called as valence shell. The electrons present in the outer shell are called valence electron.
For example:
Nitrogen element has seven electrons and it has two shells, the second shell is the valence shell and it has five electrons in the valence shell. The five electrons are called as valence electrons.
The number of valence electron of carbon is four, number of valence electron of oxygen is six, number of valence electron of nitrogen is five and the number of valence electron of hydrogen is one.
Resonance: The delocalization of electrons which is characterized as several structural changes.
(b)
Interpretation:
The greater contribution of the structure has to be identified.
Concept introduction:
The outer most shell of the element is called as valence shell. The electrons present in the outer shell are called valence electron.
For example:
Nitrogen element has seven electrons and it has two shells, the second shell is the valence shell and it has five electrons in the valence shell. The five electrons are called as valence electrons.
The number of valence electron of carbon is four, number of valence electron of oxygen is six, number of valence electron of nitrogen is five and the number of valence electron of hydrogen is one.
Resonance: The delocalization of electrons which is characterized as several structural changes.
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Chapter 1 Solutions
OWLv2 with MindTap Reader, 1 term (6 months) Printed Access Card for Brown/Iverson/Anslyn/Foote's Organic Chemistry, 8th Edition
- There is persuasive evidence for the brief existence of the unstable molecule OPCl. (a) Draw a Lewis diagram for this molecule in which the octet rule is satisfied on all atoms and the formal charges on all atoms are zero. (b) The compound OPCl reacts with oxygen to give O2PCl. Draw a Lewis diagram of O2PCl for which all formal charges are equal to zero. Draw a Lewis diagram in which the octet rule is satisfied on all atoms.arrow_forwardIf the first, second and third bond dissociation enthalpies of methane are +420, +475, and +421 KJmol-l, respectively, calculate the fourth. How do you account for the fact that; ammonium nitrate is readily soluble in water even though the standard enthalpy of solution has a positive value? although the enthalpy of combustion of cane sugar is about -6000 KJmol-l cane sugar is not observed to oxidise in air at ordinary temperature?arrow_forwardAH (kJ/mole) -306.4 species PC13 (g) PCls (g) P (g) Cl (g) 1. -398.9 +314.5 +121.4 Calculate the P-Cl bond energy in PCI3 and in PCI..arrow_forward
- Q2-a) Compare and contrast metallic and covalent primary bonds and give one example in each bond. b) What type of bonding does KCI have? Fully explain your reasoning by referring to the electronic structure and electronic properties of each element.arrow_forward1) Which of the following elements are capable of forming compounds in which the indicated atom can have more than 4 valence e- pairs? In each case, explain why and why not.arrow_forwardFollowing is a structural formula for guanidine, the compound by which migratory birds excrete excess metabolic nitrogen. The hydrochloride salt of this compound is a white crystalline powder, freely soluble in water and ethanol. Q.Write a Lewis structure for guanidine showing all valence electronsarrow_forward
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- Give typed full explanation not a single word hand written otherwise leave itarrow_forwardDefine the following phenomena with reference to main group compounds: (d) multicenter electron deficient bondingarrow_forwardQ. 7a) Arrange the following species in order of increasing size from left to right (i.e. from smallest to largest) & explain: K*, Se2-, As³+, Br Q. 7b) Arrange the following species in order of increasing electronegativity from left to right (i.e. from least to most electronegative) & explain: P, Sb, Se, Cl, Ge Q. 7c) Arrange the following species in order of increasing first ionization energy from left to right (i.e. from lowest to highest) & explain: N, Mg, Si, K, Se Q. 7d) Arrange the following species in order of increasing electron affinity from left to right (i.e. from least negative to most negative) & explain: Mg, Sc, Si, Li, Gaarrow_forward
- Principles of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage Learning