(a)
Interpretation:
The greater contribution of the structure has to be identified.
Concept introduction:
The outer most shell of the element is called as valence shell. The electrons present in the outer shell are called valence electron.
For example:
Nitrogen element has seven electrons and it has two shells, the second shell is the valence shell and it has five electrons in the valence shell. The five electrons are called as valence electrons.
The number of valence electron of carbon is four, number of valence electron of oxygen is six, number of valence electron of nitrogen is five and the number of valence electron of hydrogen is one.
Resonance: The delocalization of electrons which is characterized as several structural changes.
(b)
Interpretation:
The greater contribution of the structure has to be identified.
Concept introduction:
The outer most shell of the element is called as valence shell. The electrons present in the outer shell are called valence electron.
For example:
Nitrogen element has seven electrons and it has two shells, the second shell is the valence shell and it has five electrons in the valence shell. The five electrons are called as valence electrons.
The number of valence electron of carbon is four, number of valence electron of oxygen is six, number of valence electron of nitrogen is five and the number of valence electron of hydrogen is one.
Resonance: The delocalization of electrons which is characterized as several structural changes.
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Chapter 1 Solutions
OWL V2 with MindTap Reader and Student Solutions Manual eBook for Brown/Iverson/Anslyn/Foote's Organic Chemistry, 8th Edition
- The percent ionic character of a bond between elements A and B may be approximated by the expression %IN = 100[1 - e^(-1/4(XA - XB))], where XA and XB are the electronegavities for the respective elements. What is the the percent ionic character of the interatomic bonds for Fe2O3? What type of bonding would you expect in Fe2O3? Note: Use 1.8 for the electronegativity for Fe and 3.5 for the electronegativity for O.arrow_forwardAH (kJ/mole) -306.4 species PC13 (g) PCls (g) P (g) Cl (g) 1. -398.9 +314.5 +121.4 Calculate the P-Cl bond energy in PCI3 and in PCI..arrow_forwardThere is persuasive evidence for the brief existence of theunstable molecule OPCl.(a) Draw a Lewis diagram for this molecule in which theoctet rule is satisfied on all atoms and the formalcharges on all atoms are zero .(b) The compound OPCl reacts with oxygen to giveO2PCl. Draw a Lewis diagram of O2PCl for which allformal charges are equal to zero. Draw a Lewis diagram in which the octet rule is satisfied on all atoms.arrow_forward
- There is persuasive evidence for the brief existence of the unstable molecule OPCl. (a) Draw a Lewis diagram for this molecule in which the octet rule is satisfied on all atoms and the formal charges on all atoms are zero. (b) The compound OPCl reacts with oxygen to give O2PCl. Draw a Lewis diagram of O2PCl for which all formal charges are equal to zero. Draw a Lewis diagram in which the octet rule is satisfied on all atoms.arrow_forwardIf the first, second and third bond dissociation enthalpies of methane are +420, +475, and +421 KJmol-l, respectively, calculate the fourth. How do you account for the fact that; ammonium nitrate is readily soluble in water even though the standard enthalpy of solution has a positive value? although the enthalpy of combustion of cane sugar is about -6000 KJmol-l cane sugar is not observed to oxidise in air at ordinary temperature?arrow_forward19 of 44 > © Macmillan Learning In the given three-dimensional molecular structure, the differently colored spheres represent different types of atoms. Write a molecular formula for this molecule. molecular formula: 4 R % 67 68 5 1 SPECIAL xº (g) ΔΣΩ λμπ X₁ X () 6 [] (s) Y (1) (aq) →>>> MacBook Pro The 11 7 U t CLR 8 K →>> 9 Rotate X You 9 Rotate Y ( 0 ☐C □H D Rotate Z 0 Zoom In P O Zoom Out Attempt A Label Atoms Carrow_forward
- 23. Given AH+ [(NF3(g)] = -132 kJ mol-¹ and the bond enthalpy (D) data, D(N₂) = 946 kJ mol-¹ and D(F2) = 159 kJ mol-, which of the following statements is/are FALSE? The average N-F bond enthalpy in NF3 is 281 kJ mol-¹. AH+ [(NF3(g)] > AH+ [(NF3(1)] AH+ [(F(8)] = 159 kJ mol-¹ CEEarrow_forwardse the References to access important values if needed for this question. To answer the questions, interpret the following Lewis structure for CO3²-. :0: 0 Submit Answer :0: For the central carbon atom: The number of lone pairs The number of single bonds The number of double bonds = = Retry Entire Group 7 more group attempts remainingarrow_forwardDefine the following phenomena with reference to main group compounds: (d) multicenter electron deficient bondingarrow_forward
- Highlight the shorter bonds in the structure and describe their strength.arrow_forwardUse the bond enthaplies in this table to determine triangleH for the formafion of hydrazine, N2H4, according to this equation.arrow_forwardA particular allotrope of nitrogen, N4, was first detected in 2002. (Allotrope just means a chemical form in which an element can exist. Oxygen, for example, has two allotropes on earth: O2 and O3.) The all-nitrogen compound only lasts a short while before breaking down to N2. The compound cannot be isolated, so its structure is not yet confirmed experimentally; we can only hypothesize what its bonding and shape are. This allotrope is generally believed to be either a single ring of four nitrogens or a single chain of four nitrogens. 1. Draw the Lewis structure for both the linear form and the single ring form.arrow_forward
- Principles of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage Learning
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