Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781133104261
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Question
Chapter 18, Problem 11P
(a)
To determine
Energy expelled to the cold reservoir
(b)
To determine
Net work done by the gas
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Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Ch. 18.1 - The energy input to an engine is 3.00 times...Ch. 18.3 - Prob. 18.2QQCh. 18.4 - Prob. 18.3QQCh. 18.6 - (a) Suppose you select four cards at random from a...Ch. 18.7 - Which of the following is true for the entropy...Ch. 18.7 - An ideal gas is taken from an initial temperature...Ch. 18.8 - True or False: The entropy change in an adiabatic...Ch. 18 - Prob. 1OQCh. 18 - Prob. 2OQCh. 18 - A refrigerator has 18.0 kJ of work done on it...
Ch. 18 - Prob. 4OQCh. 18 - Consider cyclic processes completely characterized...Ch. 18 - Prob. 6OQCh. 18 - Prob. 7OQCh. 18 - Prob. 8OQCh. 18 - A sample of a monatomic ideal gas is contained in...Ch. 18 - Assume a sample of an ideal gas is at room...Ch. 18 - Prob. 11OQCh. 18 - Prob. 1CQCh. 18 - Prob. 2CQCh. 18 - Prob. 3CQCh. 18 - Prob. 4CQCh. 18 - Prob. 5CQCh. 18 - Prob. 6CQCh. 18 - Prob. 7CQCh. 18 - Prob. 8CQCh. 18 - Prob. 9CQCh. 18 - Prob. 10CQCh. 18 - Prob. 11CQCh. 18 - Discuss three different common examples of natural...Ch. 18 - The energy exhaust from a certain coal-fired...Ch. 18 - Prob. 1PCh. 18 - Prob. 2PCh. 18 - Prob. 3PCh. 18 - Prob. 4PCh. 18 - Prob. 5PCh. 18 - Prob. 6PCh. 18 - Prob. 7PCh. 18 - Prob. 8PCh. 18 - Prob. 9PCh. 18 - Prob. 10PCh. 18 - Prob. 11PCh. 18 - Prob. 12PCh. 18 - Prob. 13PCh. 18 - Prob. 14PCh. 18 - Argon enters a turbine at a rate of 80.0 kg/min, a...Ch. 18 - Prob. 16PCh. 18 - A refrigerator has a coefficient of performance...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18PCh. 18 - Prob. 19PCh. 18 - In 1993, the U.S. government instituted a...Ch. 18 - Prob. 21PCh. 18 - Prob. 22PCh. 18 - Prob. 23PCh. 18 - Prob. 24PCh. 18 - A heat pump used for heating shown in Figure...Ch. 18 - Prob. 26PCh. 18 - Prob. 27PCh. 18 - An ice tray contains 500 g of liquid water at 0C....Ch. 18 - Prob. 29PCh. 18 - Prob. 30PCh. 18 - Prob. 31PCh. 18 - (a) Prepare a table like Table 18.1 for the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 33PCh. 18 - Prob. 34PCh. 18 - Prob. 35PCh. 18 - Prob. 36PCh. 18 - Prob. 37PCh. 18 - Prob. 38PCh. 18 - Prob. 39PCh. 18 - Prob. 40PCh. 18 - Prob. 41PCh. 18 - Prob. 42PCh. 18 - (a) Find the kinetic energy of the moving air in a...Ch. 18 - Prob. 45PCh. 18 - Prob. 46PCh. 18 - Prob. 47PCh. 18 - An idealized diesel engine operates in a cycle...Ch. 18 - Prob. 49PCh. 18 - Prob. 50PCh. 18 - Prob. 51PCh. 18 - Prob. 52PCh. 18 - Prob. 53PCh. 18 - Prob. 54PCh. 18 - Prob. 55PCh. 18 - Prob. 56PCh. 18 - Prob. 57PCh. 18 - Prob. 58PCh. 18 - Prob. 59PCh. 18 - Prob. 60PCh. 18 - Prob. 61PCh. 18 - Prob. 62PCh. 18 - A 1.00-mol sample of an ideal monatomic gas is...Ch. 18 - Prob. 64PCh. 18 - Prob. 65P
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- A 1.00-mol sample of an ideal monatomic gas is taken through the cycle shown in Figure P18.63. The process AB is a reversible isothermal expansion. Calculate (a) the net work done by the gas, (b) the energy added to the gas by heat, (c) the energy exhausted from the gas by heat, and (d) the efficiency of the cycle. (e) Explain how the efficiency compares with that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperature extremes. Figure P18.63arrow_forwardAn idealized diesel engine operates in a cycle known as the air-standard diesel cycle shown in Figure P18.48. Fuel is sprayed into the cylinder at the point of maximum compression, B. Combustion occurs during the expansion B C, which is modeled as an isobaric process. Show that the efficiency of an engine operating in this idealized diesel cycle is e=11(TDTATCTB) Figure P18.48.arrow_forwardThe compression ratio of an Otto cycle as shown in Figure 21.12 is VA/VB = 8.00. At the beginning A of the compression process, 500 cm3 of gas is at 100 kPa and 20.0C. At the beginning of the adiabatic expansion, the temperature is TC = 750C. Model the working fluid as an ideal gas with = 1.40. (a) Fill in this table to follow the states of the gas: (b) Fill in this table to follow the processes: (c) Identify the energy input |Qh|, (d) the energy exhaust |Qc|, and (e) the net output work Weng. (f) Calculate the efficiency. (g) Find the number of crankshaft revolutions per minute required for a one-cylinder engine to have an output power of 1.00 kW = 1.34 hp. Note: The thermodynamic cycle involves four piston strokes.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is true for the entropy change of a system that undergoes a reversible, adiabatic process? (a) S 0 (b) S = 0 (c) S 0arrow_forwardA Carnot engine employs 1.5 mol of nitrogen gas as a working substance, which is considered as an ideal diatomic gas with =7.5 at the working temperatures of the engine. The Carnot cycle goes in the cycle ABCDA with AB being an isothermal expansion. The volume at points A and C of the cycle are 5.0103 m3 and 0.15 L, respectively. The engine operates between two thermal baths of temperature 500 K 300 K. (a) Find the values of volume at B and D. (b) How much heat is absorbed by the gas in the AB isothermal expansion? (c) How much work is done by the gas in the AB isothermal expansion? (d) How much heat is given up by the gas in the CD isothermal expansion? (e) How much work is done by the gas in the CD isothermal compression? (f) How much work is done by the gas in the BC adiabatic expansion? (g) How much work is done by the gas in the DA adiabatic compression? (h) Find the value of efficiency of the engine based on the net and heat input. Compare this value to the efficiency of a Carnot engine based on the temperatures of the baths.arrow_forwardConsider cyclic processes completely characterized by each of the following net energy inputs and outputs. In each case, the energy transfers listed are the only ones occurring. Classify each process as (a) possible, (b) impossible according to the first law of thermodynamics, (c) impossible according to the second law of thermodynamics, or (d) impossible according to both the first and second laws. (i) Input is 5 J of work, and output is 4 J of work. (ii) Input is 5 J of work, and output is 5 J of energy transferred by heat. (iii) Input is 5 J of energy transferred by electrical transmission, and output is 6 J of work. (iv) Input is 5 J of energy transferred by heat, and output is 5 J of energy transferred by heat. (v) Input is 5 J of energy transferred by heat, and output is 5 J of work. (vi) Input is 5 J of energy transferred by heat, and output is 3 J of work plus 2 J of energy transferred by heat.arrow_forward
- Of the following, which is not a statement of the second law of thermodynamics? (a) No heat engine operating in a cycle can absorb energy from a reservoir and use it entirely to do work, (b) No real engine operating between two energy reservoirs can be more efficient than a Carnot engine operating between the same two reservoirs, (c) When a system undergoes a change in state, the change in the internal energy of the system is the sum of the energy transferred to the system by heat and the work done on the system, (d) The entropy of the Universe increases in all natural processes, (e) Energy will not spontaneously transfer by heat from a cold object to a hot object.arrow_forwardConsider the cyclic process depicted in Figure P17.28. If Q is negative for the process BC and Eint is negative for the process CA, what are the signs of Q, W, and Eint that are associated with each of the three processes?arrow_forwardAn ideal gas with specific heat ratio confined to a cylinder is put through a closed cycle. Initially, the gas is at Pi, Vi, and Ti. First, its pressure is tripled under constant volume. It then expands adiabatically to its original pressure and finally is compressed isobarically to its original volume. (a) Draw a PV diagram of this cycle. (b) Determine the volume at the end of the adiabatic expansion. Find (c) the temperature of the gas at the start of the adiabatic expansion and (d) the temperature at the end of the cycle. (e) What was the net work done on the gas for this cycle?arrow_forward
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