Ethylene oxide,
Use the data in Appendix B to calculate
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CHEMISTRY-MOD.MASTERING (18W)
- Silver carbonate, Ag2CO3, is a light yellow compound that decomposes when heated to give silver oxide and carbon dioxide: Ag2CO3(s)Ag2O(s)+CO2(g) A researcher measured the partial pressure of carbon dioxide over a sample of silver carbonate at 220C and found that it was 1.37 atm. Calculate the partial pressure of carbon dioxide at 25C. The standard enthalpies of formation of silver carbonate and silver oxide at 25C are 505.9 kJ/mol and 31.05 kJ/mol, respectively. Make any reasonable assumptions in your calculations. State the assumptions that you make, and note why you think they are reasonable.arrow_forwardExplain how the entropy of the universe increases when an aluminum metal can is made from aluminum ore. Thefirst step is to extract the ore, which is primarily a formof A12O3, from the ground. After it is purified by freeingit from oxides of silicon and iron, aluminum oxide ischanged to the metal by an input of electrical energy. 2Al2O3(s)electricalenergy4Al(s)+3O2(g)arrow_forwardWhich contains greater entropy, a quantity of frozen benzene or the same quantity of liquid benzene at the same temperature? Explain in terms of the dispersal of energy in the substance.arrow_forward
- For the decomposition of formic acid, HCOOH(l)H2O(l)+CO(g) H = +29 kJ/mol at 25C. a Does the tendency of this reaction to proceed to a state of minimum energy favor the formation of water and carbon monoxide or formic acid? Explain. b Does the tendency of this reaction to proceed to a state of maximum entropy favor the formation of products or reactants? Explainarrow_forwardFor each process, predict whether entropy increases or decreases, and explain how you arrived at your prediction. 2 CO2(g) → 2 CO(g) + O2(g) NaCl(s) → NaCl(aq) MgCO3(s) → MgO(s) + CO2(g)arrow_forwardThe vaporization of ethanol C2H5OH(l) C2H5OH(g) at its normal boiling point, 351 K, has S = 110. J/K mol Calculate E for the vaporization process at 1 atm and 351 Karrow_forward
- Elemental boron, in the form of thin fibers, can be made by reducing a boron halide with H2. BCl3(g) + 32 H2(g) B(s) + 3 HCl(g) Calculate rH, rS, and rG at 25 C for this reaction. Is the reaction predicted to be product-favored at equilibrium at 25 C? If so, is it enthalpy- or entropy-driven? [S for B(s) is 5.86 J/K mol.]arrow_forwardIndicate which substance in the given pairs has the higher entropy value. Explain your choices.. (a) C2H5OH(l) or C3H7OH(l). (b) C2H5OH(l) or C2H5OH(g). (c) 2H(g) or H(g)arrow_forwardThe combustion of acetylene, C2H2, is a spontaneous reaction given by the equation 2C2H2(g)+5O2(g)4CO2(g)+2H2O(l) As expected for a combustion, the reaction is exothermic. What is the sign of H? What do you expect for the sign of S? Explain the spontaneity of the reaction in terms of the enthalpy and entropy changes.arrow_forward
- A crucial reaction for the production of synthetic fuels is the production of H2 by the reaction of coal with steam. The chemical reaction is C(s) + H2O(g) CO(g) + H2(g) (a) Calculate rG for this reaction at 25 C, assuming C(s) is graphite. (b) Calculate Kp for the reaction at 25 C. (c) Is the reaction predicted to be product-favored at equilibrium at 25 C? If not, at what temperature will it become so?arrow_forwardConsider the reaction H2(g)+Br2(g)2HBr(g) where H = 103.8 kJ/mol. In a particular experiment, equal moles of H2(g) at 1.00 atm and Br2(g) at 1.00 atm were mixed in a 1.00-L flask at 25C and allowed to reach equilibrium. Then the molecules of H2 at equilibrium were counted using a very sensitive technique, and 1.10 1013 molecules were found. For this reaction, calculate the values of K, G, and S.arrow_forwardTetrachloromethane (carbon tetrachloride), CCl4, has a normal boiling point of 76.7C and an enthalpy of vaporization, Hvap, of 29.82 kJ/mol. Estimate the entropy of vaporization, Svap. Estimate the free energy of vaporization, Gvap, at 25C.arrow_forward
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