Concept explainers
To review:
The useful of knowing the family history about particular cancer and the genes one inherit.
Introduction:
Cancer is deadly and spread to various other body parts of the body. Cancer vaccines help to get rid of the virus that helps in the multiplication of cancerous cells by helping our immune system to fight against the diseases by recognizing the foreign substances. As a treatment, chemotherapy and radiation therapy is given to the patient to suppress the tumor cells.
All the features that one has are due to the genes inherited by the parents. Other than the features like hair color, eyes some genes inherited also make us vulnerable to the diseases. Family history plays an important role in the identification of risk of particular cancers.
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Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues
- The following family has a history of inherited breast cancer. Betty (grandmother) does not carry the gene. Don, her husband, does. Dons mother and sister had breast cancer. One of Betty and Dons daughters (Sarah) has breast cancer; the other (Karen) does not. Sarahs daughters are in their 30s. Dawn, 33, has breast cancer; Debbie, 31, does not. Debbie is wondering if she will get the disease because she looks like her mother. Dawn is wondering if her 2-year-old daughter (Nicole) will get the disease. a. Draw a pedigree indicating affected individuals and identify all individuals. b. What is the most likely mode of inheritance of this trait? c. What are Dons genotype and phenotype? d. What is the genotype of the unaffected women (Betty and Karen)? e. A genetic marker has been found that maps very close to the gene. Given the following marker data for chromosomes 4 and 17, which chromosome does this gene map to? f. Using the same genetic marker, Debbie and Nicole were tested. The results are shown in the following figure. Based on their genotypes, is either of them at increased risk for breast cancer?arrow_forwardIf your father were diagnosed with an inherited disease that develops around the age of 50, would you want to be tested to find out whether you would develop this disease? If so, when would you want to be tested? As a teenager or sometime in your 40s? If not, would you have children?arrow_forwardExplain the following statements in 4-6 lines Humans are living longer, and that increases the risk of getting cancer during their lifetime.arrow_forward
- Mr. and Mrs. XYZ are suffering with the lungs and breast cancer, respectively. Mr. ABC is interested to tie in knot with their daughter, but afraid of her possibility to inherit cancer. What will you suggest to Mr. ABC in this matter? Furthermore, predict what are the chances of inheritance of cancer disease, if possible. In your opinion what could be the non-genetic causes of Cancers.arrow_forwardHow might a genetic counselor help a couple determine whether or not they could have a son with hemophiliaarrow_forwardImagine that you are in your late 30s or early 40s and decide that you want a child. You realize that you’re at greater risk of having a child with Down’s Syndrome. What sorts of genetic screening are available today? If you find out that this child has this condition, do you think it’s appropriate to have an abortion? Why or why not? Question: Does elective abortion of fetuses with physical or other developmental disabilities have an effect on the perception of personhood, dignity, and rights in society? Explain.arrow_forward
- Why doesn’t the father (II-1) have the disease breast cancer? What is the formal name for an individual having the gene but not showing the trait?arrow_forwardJ.F. is a 26-year-old woman in the clinic today for her annual physical examination. As you take her medical history, it becomes apparent that she is quite concerned about her risk for developing breast cancer. Her mother and a maternal aunt both developed breast cancer in their late 40s. J.F. has heard that genetic testing can be done to see whether she carries “breast cancer genes.” What proportion of breast cancer cases can be attributed to inherited forms? What other cancer would J.F. be at risk for given the presence of the BRCA1 gene? How significant is that risk?arrow_forwardIndividual 14 is thinking of having children, but she knows her family has a history of cancer. Which family members should she discuss with her doctor and why?arrow_forward
- Hereditary hemochromatosis is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder that causes the body to absorb too much iron from the diet. This excess iron is stored in the body's tissues and organs, particularly the skin, heart, liver, pancreas, and joints. Because humans cannot increase the excretion of iron, excess iron can overload and eventually damage tissues and organs. A young couple, Bart and Jenny, are expecting a child and are aware there might be a chance that their child could be affected by this disorder. Jenny (the wife) has ichthyosis, but Bart (her husband) is unaffected and completely normal with respect to the allele responsible for this disorder. Both Bart and Jenny were Biology majors as undergraduates. Knowing a little about the pattern of X-linked recessive inheritance, Bart and Jenny were concerned when ultrasound revealed that they would be having a son. However, genetic testing performed on the baby shortly after birth revealed that their newborn son, Mark, did not…arrow_forwardTrue or False: If you develop cancerous skin cells and have a baby, you have a good chance of passing on cancer to the child.arrow_forwardBob says that he is healthy and has no genetic diseases such as hemophilia or Down syndrome. Therefore, he says, genetics plays little role in his life. Do you think Bob is correct in his conclusion? Why or why not?arrow_forward
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