Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 18, Problem 3MC
In the endosymbiotic origin of the mitochondrion, the host cell benefited from the engulfed cell’s ability to ______________; in the endosymbiotic origin of the chloroplast, the host cell benefited from the engulfed cell’s ability to__________
- a. detoxify waste material; produce toxins that deterred predators
- b. use aerobic respiration to produce ATP; use photosynthesis to produce sugar
- c. use photosynthesis to generate oxygen; provide a shield against UV radiation
- d. move rapidly using flagella; form a cell nucleus
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Chapter 18 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 18.1 - How Would the experiments result charge if oxygen...Ch. 18.1 - describe a likely scenario for the origin of life?Ch. 18.1 - describe, for each step in the scenario, some...Ch. 18.2 - Uranium-235, with a half-life of 713 million...Ch. 18.2 - Scientists have identified a free living bacterium...Ch. 18.2 - describe scenarios for the major evolutionary...Ch. 18.2 - State the order in which these events occurred,...Ch. 18.3 - describe fossil evidence of the earliest...Ch. 18.3 - describe the advantages that fostered the origin...Ch. 18.3 - Prob. 3CYL
Ch. 18.4 - Prob. 1TCCh. 18.4 - Does the mudskippers ability to walk on land...Ch. 18.4 - Can ancient DNA reveal the secrets of dinosaur...Ch. 18.4 - Although it may never be possible to recover DNA...Ch. 18.4 - describe the transitions and innovations...Ch. 18.4 - describe the advantages gained by the first plants...Ch. 18.5 - Scientists have cloned a number of animal species,...Ch. 18.5 - explain how extinction has affected the course of...Ch. 18.5 - describe the likely causes of mass extinctions in...Ch. 18.6 - We might be able to more easily distinguish...Ch. 18.6 - Paleontologists recently discovered fossil...Ch. 18.6 - describe the evolutionary history of humans and...Ch. 18.6 - name and describe some characteristics of the...Ch. 18.6 - describe the key features of the most recent phase...Ch. 18.6 - The unexpected discovery that humans interbred...Ch. 18 - Almost all of the oxygen gas in todays atmosphere...Ch. 18 - Extinction a. generally does not occur except...Ch. 18 - In the endosymbiotic origin of the mitochondrion,...Ch. 18 - Which of the following does not list evolutionary...Ch. 18 - Prob. 5MCCh. 18 - Because there was no oxygen in the earliest...Ch. 18 - The molecule _________ became a candidate for the...Ch. 18 - Complex cells that contain a nucleus and other...Ch. 18 - The Sperm of early land plants had to reach the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 18 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 18 - Prob. 7FIBCh. 18 - What is the evidence that life might have...Ch. 18 - How did the origin of photosynthesis affect...Ch. 18 - Explain the endosymbiont hypothesis for the origin...Ch. 18 - Name two advantages of multicellularity for plants...Ch. 18 - What advantages and disadvantages would...Ch. 18 - Prob. 6RQCh. 18 - Prob. 7RQCh. 18 - Extinctions have occurred throughout the history...Ch. 18 - In biological terms, what do you think was the...
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- Biologists think that endosymbiosis gave rise to mitochondriabefore plastids partly because(A) the products of photosynthesis could not be metabolizedwithout mitochondrial enzymes.(B) all eukaryotes have mitochondria (or their remnants),whereas many eukaryotes do not have plastids.(C) mitochondrial DNA is less similar to prokaryotic DNA thanis plastid DNA.(D) without mitochondrial CO2 production, photosynthesiscould not occur.arrow_forwardA scientist claims that the presence of aquaporins in chloroplast membranes supports the endosymbiotic theory. Support the claim with evidence from biological concepts.arrow_forwardplease use the image to answer A and B.a. which data represents the chloroplast? explain.b. which organelle is more at risk to changing concentrations of DNP? explain.arrow_forward
- According to the endosymbiont theory: a) modern plant cells are able to carry out photosynthesis because their ancestors engulfed cyanobacteria. b) chloroplasts and mitochondria evolved from prokaryotic cells. c) ancestral eukaryotic cells acquired the ability to carry out aerobic respiration as a result of engulfing aerobic bacteria. d) a and c e) a, b and carrow_forwardPlantlike photosynthesis that releases O2 occurs in (A) cyanobacteria. (B) archaea. (C) gram-positive bacteria. (D) chemoautotrophic bacteria.arrow_forwardWhich type of organism does NOT photosynthesize? a. Heterotrophs b. Producers c. Cyanobacteria d. Algae e. Autotrophsarrow_forward
- Mitochondria most likely evolved from_______. a. a photosynthetic cyanobacterium b. cytoskeletal elements c. aerobic bacteria d. membrane proliferationarrow_forwardChloroplasts and mitochondria evolved from an endosymbioticrelationship involvinga. purple bacteria and cyanobacteria, respectively.b. cyanobacteria and purple bacteria, respectively.c. cyanobacteria.d. purple bacteria.arrow_forwardDecomposers a. break down dead organic matter in the environment by secreting digestive enzymes. b. break down living organic matter by secreting digestive enzymes. c. destroy living cells and then break them down with digestive enzymes. d. live in close association with another species.arrow_forward
- The evolution of photosynthesis resulted in a. an increase in the amount of O2 in the atmosphere. b. the initial appearance of heterotrophs. c. global warming. d. an increase in the amount of CO2 in the atmospherearrow_forwardChloroplasts of green algae evolved from_____ . a. cyanobacteria b. archaea c. red algaearrow_forwardWhich of the following components is not used by both plants and cyanobacteria to carry out photosynthesis? a. chloroplasts b. chlorophyll c. carbon dioxide d. waterarrow_forward
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