(a)
Interpretation:
The structure for the eight constitutional isomers of molecular formula C4H11N should be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
There are three types of
Answer to Problem 42P
The structures for the eight constitutional isomers of molecular formula C4H11N are represented as follows:
Explanation of Solution
Four structures of primary amines can be drawn with the formula C4H11N.
Three structures of secondary amines can also be drawn.
A tertiary structure can also be drawn as follows:
(b)
Interpretation:
The systematic name for each amine should be given.
Concept Introduction:
In nomenclature of primary amine, the longest carbon chain bonded to nitrogen is determined and the −e ending of the parent
Answer to Problem 42P
The name of amines are as follows:
1-butanamine 2-methylpropan-1-amine butan-2-amine
2-methylpropan-2-amine N-ethylethanamine N-methylpropan-1-amine
N-methylpropan-2-amine N,N-dimethylethanamine
Explanation of Solution
The longest carbon chain has four carbons. So the alkane name is butane. N is attached to C-1. Therefore, the systematic name of the amine is butanamine.
The longest carbon chain has three carbons. There is a methyl group at C-2. So the parent name is 2-methylpropanamine. The N atom is bonded to C-1. Therefore, the name become 2-methylpropan-1-amine.
The longest carbon chain bonded to amine group has four carbons. The parent name is butanamine. The N atom is bonded to C-2. Therefore, the systematic name of the amine is butan-2-amine.
The longest carbon chain bonded to amine group has three carbons. There is a methyl group at C-2. The parent name is 2-methylpropanamine. The N atom is bonded to C-2. Therefore, the systematic name of the amine is 2-methylpropan-2-amine.
The secondary amine has the longest carbon chain with 2 carbons. So, the parent name is ethanamine. The N atom has bonded to C-1 and has 1 ethyl group as a substituent. Therefore, the systematic name become N-ethylethanamine.
The secondary amine has the longest carbon chain with 3 carbons. So, the parent name is propanamine. The N atom has bonded to C-1 and has 1 methyl group as a substituent. Therefore, the systematic name become N-methylpropan-1-amine.
The secondary amine has the longest carbon chain with 3 carbons. So, the parent name is propanamine. The N atom has bonded to C-2 and has 1 methyl group as a substituent. Therefore, the systematic name become N-methylpropan-2-amine.
The tertiary amine has the longest carbon chain with 2 carbons. So the parent name is ethanamine. N atom has bonded to C-1 and has two methyl groups and 1 ethyl group as substituents. So, the systematic name of the amine is N,N-dimethylethanamine.
(c)
Interpretation:
The chirality center present in one of the amines should be identified.
Concept Introduction:
An atom that has four different groups bonded to it is referred to as chirality center. A chiral molecule has a non-superimposable mirror image.
Answer to Problem 42P
Explanation of Solution
Butan-2-amine has long carbon chain with 4 carbons and amine group is bonded to C-2. This C-2 carbon has four different groups bonded to it as 1 ethyl group, 1 methyl group, 1 amine group and a hydrogen. So, C-2 carbon is a chirality center.
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Chapter 18 Solutions
GENERAL ORGANIC & BIOCHEMISTRY >ACCESS<
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