Modified Mastering Physics With Pearson Etext -- Standalone Access Card -- For Physics For Scientists & Engineers With Modern Physics (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780134402628
Author: Douglas C. Giancoli
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 18, Problem 5Q
To determine
Support the explanation of the Gay-Lussac’s law based on the kinetic theory.
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The derivation of the ideal-gas equation included the assumption that the number of molecules is very large, so that we could compute the average force due to many collisions. However, the ideal-gas equation holds accurately only at low pressures, where the molecules are few and far between. Is this inconsistent? Why or why not?
Discuss the different types of intermolecular forces that exist between
molecules. Give an example of how intermolecular forces can affect the thermodynamic
properties of fluids. Be specific and name the chemical compounds.
In a period of 9.00 s, 5.00 × 1023 nitrogen molecules strike a wall of area 5.80 cm². Assume the molecules move with a speed of 340 m/s and strike the wall head-on in elastic collisions. What is the
-26 kg.
pressure exerted on the wall? Note: The mass of one N, molecule is 4.65 x 10
3.513
Calculate the momentum change in each second and use the impulse-momentum theorem to relate the momentum change to the average force between the wall and the nitrogen in order to find the
pressure. kPa
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Chapter 18 Solutions
Modified Mastering Physics With Pearson Etext -- Standalone Access Card -- For Physics For Scientists & Engineers With Modern Physics (5th Edition)
Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 1AECh. 18.1 - Prob. 1BECh. 18.1 - Prob. 1CECh. 18.1 - Prob. 1DECh. 18.4 - Prob. 1EECh. 18 - Why doesnt the size of different molecules enter...Ch. 18 - When a gas is rapidly compressed (say, by pushing...Ch. 18 - In Section 181 we assumed the gas molecules made...Ch. 18 - Explain in words how Charless law follows from...Ch. 18 - Prob. 5Q
Ch. 18 - As you go higher in the Earths atmosphere, the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 7QCh. 18 - Explain why the peak of the curve for 310 K in...Ch. 18 - Is temperature a macroscopic or microscopic...Ch. 18 - Escape velocity for the Earth refers to the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 11QCh. 18 - If the pressure in a gas is doubled while its...Ch. 18 - What everyday observation would tell you that not...Ch. 18 - Alcohol evaporates more quickly than water at room...Ch. 18 - Explain why a hot humid day is far more...Ch. 18 - Is it possible to boil water at room temperature...Ch. 18 - What exactly does it mean when we say that oxygen...Ch. 18 - A length of thin wire is placed over a block of...Ch. 18 - Consider two days when the air temperature is the...Ch. 18 - (a) Why does food cook faster in a pressure...Ch. 18 - How do a gas and a vapor differ?Ch. 18 - (a) At suitable temperatures and pressures, can...Ch. 18 - Why does dry ice not last long at room...Ch. 18 - Under what conditions can liquid CO2 exist? Be...Ch. 18 - Why does exhaled air appear as a little white...Ch. 18 - Prob. 26QCh. 18 - Prob. 27QCh. 18 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 18 - Prob. 1PCh. 18 - Prob. 2PCh. 18 - Prob. 3PCh. 18 - Prob. 4PCh. 18 - Prob. 5PCh. 18 - Prob. 6PCh. 18 - (I) A 1.0-mol sample of hydrogen gas has a...Ch. 18 - Prob. 8PCh. 18 - Prob. 9PCh. 18 - Prob. 10PCh. 18 - Prob. 11PCh. 18 - Prob. 12PCh. 18 - Prob. 13PCh. 18 - Prob. 14PCh. 18 - Prob. 15PCh. 18 - Prob. 16PCh. 18 - Prob. 17PCh. 18 - Prob. 18PCh. 18 - Prob. 19PCh. 18 - (I) A group of 25 particles have the following...Ch. 18 - Prob. 21PCh. 18 - Prob. 22PCh. 18 - Prob. 24PCh. 18 - (I) (a) At atmospheric pressure, in what phases...Ch. 18 - Prob. 26PCh. 18 - Prob. 27PCh. 18 - Prob. 28PCh. 18 - Prob. 29PCh. 18 - Prob. 30PCh. 18 - Prob. 31PCh. 18 - Prob. 32PCh. 18 - (II) A pressure cooker is a sealed pot designed to...Ch. 18 - Prob. 34PCh. 18 - Prob. 35PCh. 18 - Prob. 36PCh. 18 - Prob. 37PCh. 18 - Prob. 38PCh. 18 - Prob. 39PCh. 18 - Prob. 40PCh. 18 - Prob. 41PCh. 18 - Prob. 42PCh. 18 - Prob. 43PCh. 18 - Prob. 44PCh. 18 - Prob. 45PCh. 18 - Prob. 46PCh. 18 - Prob. 47PCh. 18 - Prob. 49PCh. 18 - Prob. 53PCh. 18 - A sample of ideal gas must contain at least N =...Ch. 18 - In outer space the density of matter is about one...Ch. 18 - Calculate approximately the total translational...Ch. 18 - (a) Estimate the rms speed of an amino acid, whose...Ch. 18 - The escape speed from the Earth is 1.12 104 m/s,...Ch. 18 - Prob. 63GPCh. 18 - Prob. 66GPCh. 18 - Prob. 69GPCh. 18 - Prob. 71GPCh. 18 - Prob. 72GPCh. 18 - Prob. 73GPCh. 18 - Prob. 74GPCh. 18 - Prob. 75GPCh. 18 - Prob. 76GPCh. 18 - Prob. 77GP
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- A)Define surface tension in terms of force and show that the work done per unit area in changing the area of a liquid surface under isothermal conditions is equivalent to the definition of surface tension in terms of forcearrow_forwardIn deriving the ideal-gas equation from the kinetic-molecular model, we ignored potential energy due to the earth' gravity. Is this omission justified? Why or why not?arrow_forwardWhat are the different ways of increasing the number of molecular collisions per unit time in a gas?arrow_forward
- Two different substances that behave as ideal gases at the same temperature, explain if the total frequency of collisions is higher for the system of the substance with the highest or lowest molecular weight. Explain briefly.arrow_forwardIn a period of 9.00 s, 5.00 × 1023 nitrogen molecules strike a wall of area 5.80 cm². Assume the molecules move with a speed of 340 m/s and strike the wall head-on in elastic collisions. What is the -26 pressure exerted on the wall? Note: The mass of one N, molecule is 4.65 x 10 6 kg. КРа Need Help? Read It Master Itarrow_forwardA rubber band at temperature T is fastened at one end to a peg, and supports from its other end a mass m in a gravitational field g. Model the rubber band as a linked polymer chain of N segments joined end-to-end. Each segment has a length a and can be oriented either parallel or anti-parallel to the vertical direction. Find an expression for the average length of the rubber band as a function of B, m, g, N, and a. You may neglect the kinetic energies and masses of the segments themselves, and any interaction between the segments.arrow_forward
- Consider an ideal gas in a closed system, which of the following DOES NOT explain why the pressure remains the same when the temperature and volume are increased at a constant number of gas particles? Attractive forces among gas particles become significant. The frequency of collision with the walls of the container is the same as before. The particles move faster but also travel longer distances to hit the walls of the container.arrow_forwardThe temperature of an ideal monatomic gas is increased from 25 C to 50 C. Does the average translational kinetic energy of each gas atom double? Explain. If your answer is no, what would the final temperature be if the average translational kinetic energy was doubled?arrow_forwardConsider a container filled with helium gas at room temperature and ambient pressure. (a) Sketch a graph of the distribution of molecular speeds in the container. (b) On the same graph, sketch the distribution for the same container at a lower temperature, clearly labelling the new curve.arrow_forward
- Is it possible to change both the pressure and the volume of anideal gas without changing the average kinetic energy of its molecules? If your answer is no, explain why not. If your answer is yes,give a specific examplearrow_forward6 7.65arrow_forwardWhich of the following expressions defines the Helmholtz energy in terms of the Gibbs energy and other appropriate thermodynamic quantities? A = G-TS O O O O O A = G + PV A = G + PV - TS A = G-PV + TS A = G-PV A = G + TSarrow_forward
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