PRINC OF ECONOMICS PKG >CUSTOM<
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781305018549
Author: Mankiw
Publisher: CENGAGE C
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Chapter 18, Problem 8PA
Subpart (a):
To determine
The changes in labor market after the introduction of fringe benefits .
Subpart (b):
To determine
The changes in labor market after the introduction of fringe benefits.
Subpart (c):
To determine
The changes in labor market after the introduction of fringe benefits.
Subpart (d):
To determine
The changes in labor market after the introduction of fringe benefits.
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Policymakers sometimes propose laws re3quiring firms to give workers certain fringe benefits, such as health insurance or paid parental leave. Let’s consider the effects of such a policy on the labor market.a.Suppose that a law required firms to give each worker $3 of fringe benefits for every hour that the worker is employed by the firm. How does this law affect the marginal profit that a firm earns from each worker at a given cash wage? How does the law affect the demand curve for labor? Draw your answer on a graph with the cash wage on the vertical axis.
Policymakers sometimes propose laws requiring firms to give workerscertain fringe benefits, such as health insurance or paid parental leave.Let's consider the effects of such a policy on the labor market.a. Suppose that a law required firms to give each worker $3 of fringebenefits for every hour that the worker is employed by the firm. Howdoes this law affect the marginal profit that a firm earns from eachworker at a given cash wage? How does the law affect the demand curvefor labor? Draw your answer on a graph with the cash wage on thevertical axis.
b. If there is no change in labor supply how would this law affectemployment and wages?
c. Why might the labor-supply curve shift in response to this law? Wouldthis shift in labor supply raise or lower the impact of the law on wagesand employment?
d. As discussed in Chapter 6, the wages of some workers, particularly theunskilled and inexperienced, are kept above the equilibrium level byminimum wage laws. What effect would a fringe-benefit…
The table shows levels of employment (Labor), the marginal product of each of those levels, and a monopoly's marginal revenue. What is the monopoly's marginal revenue product at each level of employment? If the monopoly operates in a perfectly competitive labor market where the going market wage is $20, what is the firm's profit maximizing level of employment?
Chapter 18 Solutions
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- (c) Let us now turn to the labor market for grocery store workers in Little town. Recently one of the last two grocery stores in Little town closed leaving only one employer for grocery store workers in this area. This labor market is not very competitive. What type of market structure is this? (d) Draw a typical supply curve (i.e. average expenditure), marginal expenditure, and demand for the grocery store in Little Town. Label the equilibrium wage and number of grocery store workers. (e) Suppose that some time has passed and the population has grown in Little Town and there are now many grocery stores. Now suppose that the grocery store workers unionize. Draw a graph to depict the equilibrium wage and number of workers in this new market.arrow_forward1. Assume the quantity of envelopes licked per hour by Sticky Gums, Inc., is where L is the number of laborers hired per hour by the firm. Assume further that the envelope licking business is perfectly competitive with a market price of 1 cent per envelope. A. How much labor would be hired at a competitive wage of $10? What about $5? $2? Use these results to sketch a demand curve for labor. B. Assume that Sticky Gums hires its labor at an hourly wage of $10 what quantity of envelopes will be licked when the price of a licked envelope is 2 cents? What about 5 cents? 10 cents? Use your results to sketch a supply curve for licked envelopes.arrow_forwardSuppose that in a competitive output market, firms hire labor from a competitive labor market (so that the profit maximization conditions for hiring labor are as we discussed in class). If the supply of this kind of labor decreases, we would expect which of the following regarding the equilibrium wage, W, and the equilibrium quantity of labor, L, employed? Group of answer choices a) a decrease in W and a decrease L b) a decrease in W and a decrease L c) an increase in W and a decrease L d) a decrease in W and no change in L e) increase in W and an increase in Larrow_forward
- Suppose that there is an excess supply of economics professors. Should universities necessarily reduce salaries? What does standard economic theory suggest? What does efficiency-wage theory suggest (Explain with diagram)arrow_forwardAllison is debating about hiring Jim for a new position at her firm producing computer software. She estimates that Jim will add an additional $500 of revenue a day to her firm. Instructions: Enter your answers as a whole number. a. What is the maximum wage at which Allison would be willing to hire Jim? $ a day b. Suppose demand for computer software increases. This increases the value of Jim's contributions to the firm to $650. What is the maximum wage at which Allison would be willing to hire Jim? $ a day c. Suppose some of the firm's capital is outdated and workers no longer have the ability to be as productive. This reduces Jim's contributions to the firm to $400. What is the maximum wage at which Allison would be willing to hire Jim? $ a day d. Suppose Jim obtains additional education that leads to him being more productive. This increases the value of Jim's contributions to the firm to $750. What is the maximum wage at which Allison would be…arrow_forwardThe following graph shows the labor market in the fast-food industry in the fictional town of Supersize City. In a labor market, workers supply their labor to the market in exchange for wages, and their behavior is represented by the supply curve. Similarly, firms pay wages to obtain labor, and thus their behavior is represented by the demand curve. In this way, wages are the price of labor. (a). Suppose a senator introduces a bill to legislate a minimum hourly wage of $8. This type of price control is called a ________ (options: price ceiling, quota, tax, price floor). (b). For each of the wages listed in the following table, determine the quantity of labor demanded, the quantity of labor supplied, and the direction of pressure exerted (upward or downward) on wages in the absence of any price controls. Wage (dollars per hour) Labor demanded (thousands of workers) Labor supplied (thousands of workers) Surplus or shortage of labor Pressure on wages (downward or upward) 14…arrow_forward
- Explain i11each of the following situations how market forces might give a business an incentive to act in a less discriminatory fashion. A local flower delivery business run by a bigoted white owner notices that many of its local customers are black. An assembly line has traditionally only hired men, but it is having a hard time hiring sufficiently qualified workers. A biased owner of a firm that provides home health care services would like to pay lower wages to Hispanic workers than to other employees.arrow_forwardTable 14.11 shows levels of employment (Labor), the marginal product at each of those levels, and a monopolys marginal revenue. What is the monopolys marginal revenue product at each level of employment? If the monopoly operates in a perfectly competitive labor market where the going market wage is 20, what is the films profit maximizing level of employment?arrow_forwardTable 14.10 shows levels of employment (Labor), the marginal product at each of those levels, and the price at which the film can sell output in the perfectly competitive market where it operates. What is the value of the marginal product at each level of labor? If the firm operates in a perfectly competitive labor market where the going market wage is 12, what is the films profit maximizing level of employment?arrow_forward
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