Chapter 19, Problem 11Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To predict: The genotypes of the A, B, and C plants.

Concept introduction: Gregor Johann Mendel (1822–1884) is the “Father of genetics”.  He carried out his experiment on Pisum sativum (pea plant). He discovered mainly three laws of heredity. They are “The Law of Dominance”, “The Law of Segregation”, and “The Law of Independent Assortment”.  Genes are the DNA sequences that can control a particular trait. Alleles are the different forms of a particular gene, and they can occur in pairs. They can be classified into dominant or recessive and homozygous or heterozygous. Homozygous organism carries two copies of the identical allele, while heterozygous organisms carry two dissimilar alleles in one copy. Genotype is the total genetic composition of an individual, while phenotype is the visible characteristics of a person. Dominant is used to describe a strong gene, while recessive is used to describe a weak gene.  Recessive mutations will not activate the gene, and hence it leads to the failure of certain functions. Example: loss-of-function mutations

B.

Summary Introduction

To conclude: Whether the A, B, and C plants carry a mutation in the same gene.

Concept introduction: Gregor Johann Mendel (1822–1884) is the “Father of genetics”.  He carried out his experiment on Pisum sativum (pea plant). He discovered mainly three laws of heredity. They are “The Law of Dominance”, “The Law of Segregation”, and “The Law of Independent Assortment”.  Genes are the DNA sequences that can control a particular trait. Alleles are the different forms of a particular gene, and they can occur in pairs. They can be classified into dominant or recessive and homozygous or heterozygous. Homozygous organism carries two copies of the identical allele, while heterozygous organisms carry two dissimilar alleles in one copy. Genotype is the total genetic composition of an individual, while phenotype is the visible characteristics of a person. Dominant is used to describe a strong gene, while recessive is used to describe a weak gene.  Recessive mutations will not activate the gene, and hence it leads to the failure of certain functions. Example: loss-of-function mutations

C.

Summary Introduction

To predict: The possibilities to generate wrinkled pea plant when mutation occurs in different genes.

Concept introduction: Gregor Johann Mendel (1822–1884) is the “Father of genetics”.  He carried out his experiment on Pisum sativum (pea plant). He discovered mainly three laws of heredity. They are “The Law of Dominance”, “The Law of Segregation”, and “The Law of Independent Assortment”.  Genes are the DNA sequences that can control a particular trait. Alleles are the different forms of a particular gene, and they can occur in pairs. They can be classified into dominant or recessive and homozygous or heterozygous. Homozygous organism carries two copies of the identical allele, while heterozygous organisms carry two dissimilar alleles in one copy. Genotype is the total genetic composition of an individual, while phenotype is the visible characteristics of a person. Dominant is used to describe a strong gene, while recessive is used to describe a weak gene.  Recessive mutations will not activate the gene, and hence it leads to the failure of certain functions. Example: loss-of-function mutations