(a)
Interpretation:
The specific value for
Concept introduction:
A gas is made up of many atoms or molecules that move with very high speeds. The kinetic energy of gases is very high. Every molecule or atom present in a gas can have a different velocity. The speed of sound in a gas is less than the speed of sound in vacuum. The speed of sound in a gas,
Where,
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•
•
•
(b)
Interpretation:
The value of
Concept introduction:
A gas is made up of many atoms or molecules that move with very high speeds. The kinetic energy of gases is very high. Every molecule or atom present in a gas can have a different energy. Therefore, root mean square speed, most probable velocity, and mean velocity are calculated for a gas.
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EBK PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
- Since we will be dealing with partial derivatives later in the semester, this is a good opportunity to review this topic (see appendix C). Then evaluate the following partial derivatives (a) PV = nRT; (∂ P/∂V)T (b) r = (x2 + y2 + z 2 )1/2; (∂ r/∂y)x,zarrow_forwardCalculate V−1(∂V/∂T)p,n for an ideal gas?arrow_forwardThe density of lead is 1.13 ✕ 104 kg/m3 at 20.0°C. Find its density (in kg/m3) at 100°C. (Use ? = 29 ✕ 10−6 (°C)−1 for the coefficient of linear expansion. Give your answer to at least four significant figures.)arrow_forward
- 5arrow_forwardThe term "bond energy" and "bond enthalpy" have often been used interchangeably to describe the strength of a bond. a) Calculate the average bond enthalpy of the O-H bond in water at 298 K and 1 bar, given the reaction: H₂O(g) →2H(g) + O(g), with AHƒ = 218.0, 249.2, and -241.8 kJ mol¹¹ for H(g), O(g), and H₂O(g) respectively. Give your answer in units of kJ/mol. b) How does your answer from (a) compare to the average bond energy (i.e. AU) of the O-H bond at 298 K and 1 bar: 461.0 kJ/mol?arrow_forwardHow does the equation (1) becomes equation (2) refer to the photo below. Where delta V = change in volume dp= derrivative of pressure Delta S = change in enthropy dt= change in temperaturearrow_forward
- Rank the elements or compounds in the table below in decreasing order of their boiling points. That is, choose 1 next to the substance with the highest boiling point, choose 2 next to the substance with the next highest boiling point, and so on. substance A B с D H :0: H | || | H с C -C-H 174 H H H chemical symbol, chemical formula or Lewis structure H H H | | C I 1 I H H H (II | Ag - Ar - :O: -O-H boiling point (Choose one) (Choose one) ✓ (Choose one) (Choose one) ✓arrow_forwardDeduce the relation pv = nRT where R is a constant called universal.arrow_forward3. At T = 300K, 1bar of ¹60¹80 in a 1m³ box (lengths ax ay = az = 1m) can be considered as an ideal gas. In that case, the average translational energy in each dimension for a molecule is given by: Ex = Ex = Ex = 1kT, where k = 1.38 x 10-23 J/K is the Boltzmann constant. The average rotational energy about an axis perpendicular to the O=O bond is: Erot=kT, Evib = KT. and the average vibrational energy is: Given that the fundamental vibrational frequency for ¹60¹80 is w = 4.741 x 10¹³ Hz, find the values of the quantum numbers nx, J, and u for an average ¹60¹80 molecule in this system.arrow_forward
- 4) Consider an adyabatic expansion of the ideal single-atom gas. (a) Find dT/dV differential equality by obtaining dQ = 0 in the first law. (b) Resolve the dT/dV differential equality for the adyabatic condition. ( V Ta =constant SHOW IT). (c)Using the ideal gas law,, p Vg =constant Show it and find garrow_forwardI need the answer as soon as possiblearrow_forwardthe ionic compound L2O3(s) is the ionic compound formed from oxygen and a metal with the form L(s) at 1.00 bar and 298 K. (a) Draw the Lewis structure for L2O3. Assume that all the valence electrons from L are required. (b) Use the following information to determine the enthalpy of formation for L2O3(s). Express your answer in kJZ(mol L2O3(s)). Lattice energy for L2O3(s) = -14836 kJ mol1 AHsub for L(s) = 358 kJ mol 1 First ionization energy for L(g) = 577 kJ mol 1 Second ionization energy for L(g) = 1794 kJ mol 1 Third ionization energy for L(g) = 3820 kJ mol 1 Bond dissociation energy for O2(g) = 498 kJ mol 1 %3D First electron affinity for O = -141 kJ mol 1 Second electron affinity for O = 744 kJ mol 1arrow_forward
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