Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321962751
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 19, Problem 3TYU
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
“Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus” ( MRSA) is a resistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus. Methicillin is similar to the penicillin. It acts on Staphylococcus aureus that results in the lethality of bacteria. Due to mutation, the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus became resistant toward the antibiotics.
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Suppose you have two A-B-type exotoxins, A-B and A-B. A-B binds specifically to neurons and prevents a neuron-specific function, which is essential for nerve pulse transmission. A-B binds specifically to kidney cells and stops protein synthesis. A. What would a hybrid toxin, A-B, do to kidney cells? Provide your rationale. B. What would a hybrid toxin, A-B, do to kidney cells? Provide your rationale. C. What would a hybrid toxin, A-B, do to neurons? Provide your rationale. D. What would a hybrid toxin, A-B, do to neurons? Provide your rationale.
Use the table to answer the question.
In 1928, Frederick Griffith injected four groups of mice with different strains of the bacteria, Streptococcus pneumoniae. The smooth strain had a polysaccharide capsule that protected the bacteria from the mouse’s immune system. The rough strain did not have this capsule. The details of each group and the results of the experiment are shown in the table below.
Bacteria
After injection with bacteria
Group 1
smooth strain
mice died
Group 2
rough strain
mice survived
Group 3
heat-killed smooth strain
mice survived
Group 4
rough strain mixed with heat-killed smooth strain
mice died
Which conclusion about Group 4 is MOST strongly supported by the results of the experiment?
A.
A virus carried DNA from the smooth strain to the rough strain.
B.
The rough strain took in DNA from the heat-killed smooth strain.
C.
The rough strain developed a genetic mutation during binary fission.
D.
The smooth strain…
A biologist develops a new drug that seems to dramatically slow the onset of symptoms resulting from HIV infection. Close monitoring of HIV-infected cells reveals that the viral proteins are in the form of long polyproteins. What kind of drug did the biologist develop?
A. It is a glycosyl transferase inhibitor.
B. It is an integrase inhibitor
C. It is a protease inhibitor.
D. It is a CD4 inhibitor.
please explain why which answer is correct and which is wrong and why
Chapter 19 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 19.1 - How did Huttons and Lyells ideas influence Darwins...Ch. 19.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Scientific hypotheses must be...Ch. 19.2 - How does the concept of descent with modification...Ch. 19.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 19.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Review the relationship between...Ch. 19.3 - Explain how the following statement is inaccurate:...Ch. 19.3 - How does evolution account for (a) the similar...Ch. 19.3 - WHAT IF? Fossils show that dinosaurs originated...Ch. 19 - Which of the following is not an observation or...Ch. 19 - Which of the following observations helped Darwin...
Ch. 19 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 19 - The upper forelimbs of humans and bats have fairly...Ch. 19 - DNA sequences In many human genes are very similar...Ch. 19 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY DRAW IT Mosquitoes resistant to...Ch. 19 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION Explain why anatomical and...Ch. 19 - FOCUS ON INTERACTIONS Write a short essay (about...Ch. 19 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE This honeypot ant (genus...
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- Can you say that the microbial composition changes over time in each of the body locations? Give two pieces of evidence. Why do you think the scientists also tested the soil around the cadaver? The study was done with mice and their cadavers decomposed on soil graves in the University of Colorado Transgenic Facility. Do you think the graphs would have looked different if the decomposition events would have happened outside during the hot summer months? Explain.arrow_forwardIn a series of infection experiments, a researcher discovers that the ID50 value for the infectious bacterium Parasiticum mucoides is 100, and that the ID50 for another infectious bacterium, Donoteatum thisbacterium, is 15,000. Given these data, a person exposed to 1,000 bacteria of each type would be more likely to be infected by which bacterium? Group of answer choices There is no way to know given the information provided Both infections are equally likely Parasiticum mucoides Donoteatum thisbacteriumarrow_forwardIn his work with pneumonia-causing bacteria andmice, Griffith found that(A) the protein coat from pathogenic cells wasable to transform nonpathogenic cells.(B) heat-killed pathogenic cells causedpneumonia.(C) some substance from pathogenic cells was transferred tononpathogenic cells, making them pathogenic.(D) the polysaccharide coat of bacteria causedpneumonia.arrow_forward
- When Griffith injected mice with a combination of live rough-strain and heat-killed smooth-strain pneumococci, he discovered that (a) the mice were unharmed (b) the dead mice contained living rough-strain bacteria (c) the dead mice contained living smooth-strain bacteria (d) DNA had beentransferred from the smooth-strain bacteria to the mice (e) DNA had been transferred from the rough-strain bacteria to the smooth-strain bacteriaarrow_forwardHumans perfected the use of recombinant DNA technology to produce human insulin from bacteria. Outline steps in this process of using E. coli as to host cells.arrow_forwardJohn Smith is a pig farmer. For the past five years, Smith has been adding vitamins and low doses of antibiotics to his pig food; he says that these supplements enhance the growth of the pigs. Within the past year, however, several of his pigs died from infections of common bacteria, which failed to respond to large doses of antibiotics. Can you explain the increased rate of mortality due to infection in Smith’s pigs? What advice might you offer Smith to prevent this problem in the future?arrow_forward
- Griffith's Experiments using Streptococcus pneumonia rough and smooth strains concluded which of the following? a) DNA is the Molecule of Inheritance b) Some, yet unknown, factor of inheritance could be transferred from one bacteria to another. c) Protein if the Molecule of Inheritance d) Heat treating bacteria has NO effect on its virulencearrow_forwardGive two reasons why E. coli is naturally resistant to antibiotics like Penicillin?arrow_forwardThe term "Superbug" refers to? A. Certain bacteria strain that can grow in all kinds of unfavorable conditiions B. Certain bacteria strain is more toxic than all the viruses C. Certain bacteria strain that is resistant to all available antibiotics D. Certain bacteria strain that grows faster than any other strainsarrow_forward
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