Chapter 19, Problem 43E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The class of given compound is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

The functional groups are atoms or the group of atoms that acts as substituents in the molecules and are responsible for their characteristic reactions. The functional group containing oxygen atoms are alcohol group, carboxylic acid group, aldehyde group, ketone group, phenols, ethers, and their derivatives.

Answer to Problem 43E

The class of compound ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-{\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}$ is amine.

Explanation of Solution

The given organic compound is ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-{\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}$.

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia. The formula of ammonia is ${\text{NH}}_3$.

When the hydrogen of the ammonia is replaced by alkyl group amines is formed. The general formula of amines is shown below.

$\text{R}-{\text{NH}}_2$

Therefore, the class of compound ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-{\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}$ is amine.

Conclusion

The class of given has been rightfully identified.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The class of given compound is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

The functional groups are atoms or the group of atoms that acts as substituents in the molecules and are responsible for their characteristic reactions. The functional group containing oxygen atoms are alcohol group, carboxylic acid group, aldehyde group, ketone group, phenols, ethers, and their derivatives.

Answer to Problem 43E

The class of compound ${\text{CH}}_3-{\text{CH}}_2-\text{F}$ is organic halide.

Explanation of Solution

The given organic compound is ${\text{CH}}_3-{\text{CH}}_2-\text{F}$.

Halogen is the elements that belong to the seventeenth group of the periodic table. When a halogen is combined with a hydrocarbon, then organic halides are formed. Fluorine is halogen.

Therefore, the class of compound ${\text{CH}}_3-{\text{CH}}_2-\text{F}$ is organic halide.

Conclusion

The class of given has been rightfully identified.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The class of given compound is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

The functional groups are atoms or the group of atoms that acts as substituents in the molecules and are responsible for their characteristic reactions. The functional group containing oxygen atoms are alcohol group, carboxylic acid group, aldehyde group, ketone group, phenols, ethers, and their derivatives.

Answer to Problem 43E

The class of the given compound is ester.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of the given compounds is shown below.

Figure 1

Esters are the derivatives of carboxylic acid. The general structure of carboxylic acid is shown below.

Figure 2

When the hydrogen of the hydroxyl group of carboxylic acid is replaced by another alkyl group, then ester is formed.

Therefore, the class of the given compound is ester.

Conclusion

The class of given has been rightfully identified.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The class of given compound is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

The functional groups are atoms or the group of atoms that acts as substituents in the molecules and are responsible for their characteristic reactions. The functional group containing oxygen atoms are alcohol group, carboxylic acid group, aldehyde group, ketone group, phenols, ethers, and their derivatives.

Answer to Problem 43E

The class of the given compound is a carboxylic acid.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of the given organic compound is shown below.

Figure 3

The given compound can release ${\text{H}}^{+}$ when it dissolves in water. The dissociation of the given compound in water is shown below.

$\text{HCOOH}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{HCOO}}^{-}\left(aq\right)+{\text{H}}^{+}\left(aq\right)$

The given compound is an organic acid.

Therefore, the class of the given compound is carboxylic acid.

Conclusion

The class of given has been rightfully identified.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The class of given compound is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

The functional groups are atoms or the group of atoms that acts as substituents in the molecules and are responsible for their characteristic reactions. The functional group containing oxygen atoms are alcohol group, carboxylic acid group, aldehyde group, ketone group, phenols, ethers, and their derivatives.

Answer to Problem 43E

The class of the given compound is aldehyde.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of the given organic compound is shown below.

Figure 4

The carbonyl compounds are the compounds that contain $\text{>C=O}$ group. An aldehyde is formed when the carbonyl group is attached to one hydrogen and one alkyl group.

Therefore, the class of the given compound is aldehyde.

Conclusion

The class of given has been rightfully identified.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The class of given compound is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

The functional groups are atoms or the group of atoms that acts as substituents in the molecules and are responsible for their characteristic reactions. The functional group containing oxygen atoms are alcohol group, carboxylic acid group, aldehyde group, ketone group, phenols, ethers, and their derivatives.

Answer to Problem 43E

The class of given compound is ether.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of the given organic compound is shown below.

Figure 5

Ether is the derivatives of alcohol. The general formula of alcohols is shown below.

$\text{R}-\text{O}-\text{H}$

When the hydrogen of the alcohol is replaced by another alkyl group ether is formed.

Therefore, the class of given compound is ether.

Conclusion

The class of given has been rightfully identified.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

The class of given compound is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

The functional groups are atoms or the group of atoms that acts as substituents in the molecules and are responsible for their characteristic reactions. The functional group containing oxygen atoms are alcohol group, carboxylic acid group, aldehyde group, ketone group, phenols, ethers, and their derivatives.

Answer to Problem 43E

The class of given compound is ketone.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of the given organic compound is shown below.

Figure 6

The carbonyl compounds are the compounds that contain $\text{>C=O}$ group. A ketone is formed when the carbonyl group is attached to two alkyl groups. The carbonyl group of the given compound attached to one methyl group and a benzene ring.

Therefore, the class of the given compound is ketone.

Conclusion

The class of given has been rightfully identified.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

The class of given compound is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

The functional groups are atoms or the group of atoms that acts as substituents in the molecules and are responsible for their characteristic reactions. The functional group containing oxygen atoms are alcohol group, carboxylic acid group, aldehyde group, ketone group, phenols, ethers, and their derivatives.

Answer to Problem 43E

The class of the given compound is amide.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of the given compounds is shown below.

Figure 7

Amides are the derivatives of carboxylic acid. The general structure of carboxylic acid is shown below.

Figure 2

When the hydroxyl group of a carboxylic acid is replaced by amine group, then amide is formed.

Therefore, the class of the given compound is amide.

Conclusion

The class of given has been rightfully identified.