EBK ESSENTIALS OF GENETICS
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134190068
Author: Palladino
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 2, Problem 23PDQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The description of chromosomes fixed at the metaphase stage.
Introduction:
The genetic material or the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) of all the eukaryotes is packed in the nucleus in the form of threads. These threads are called the chromosomes. The packing of the DNA is done with the help of some histone proteins to accommodate the long DNA in a tiny cell. Chromosomes occur in pairs in all cells, except in gametes. The number of chromosomes in different species varies. Twelve chromosomes fixed on a slide at the metaphase stage out of which two are small. The other chromosomes apart from these are similar looking with respect to the position of the centromere and their length.
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Which of the following is a FALSE statement regarding human chromosomes?
A.
The chromosome number in humans is 2n=46.
B.
Gametes have half number of the chromosomes as in somatic cells.
C.
There are 22 pairs of autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes.
D.
Liver cells can be polyploids. They can have 23, 46, 69 or 92 chromosomes.
The microscope image above shows the human chromosomes from a white blood cell. To create the image, researchers put cells in culture under conditions that encourage the cells to divide. They bathed the cells in a hypotonic (low salt) solution, which caused the cells to swell until their plasma membrane burst open. They "squashed" the chromosomes to spread them out, and stained them with a dye to make them visible under the microscope. Human chromosomes are numbered from longest (1) to shortest (22) plus the sex chromosomes X and Y. In the image chromosome 1 is about 7 micrometers.
Answer the following questions.
1) What word(s) in the description above indicates that the chromosomes are not from a cell undergoing meiosis?
2) Based on the size, shape and appearance of the chromosomes in the image, in what cell cycle stage was the cell that the chromosomes came from? How can you tell?
3) Does the image suggest that centromere sequences are always located in the middle of a…
A human skin cell has 46 chromosomes. After that skin cell goes through mitosis, how many chromosomes will each of the new skin cells have?
Chapter 2 Solutions
EBK ESSENTIALS OF GENETICS
Ch. 2 - CASE STUDY | Timing is everything A man in his...Ch. 2 - CASE STUDY | Timing is everything A man in his...Ch. 2 - CASE STUDY | Timing is everything A man in his...Ch. 2 -
HOW DO WE KNOW?
1. In this chapter, we focused...Ch. 2 -
2. Review the Chapter Concepts list on page 12....Ch. 2 - What role do the following cellular components...Ch. 2 -
4. Discuss the concepts of homologous...Ch. 2 - If two chromosomes of a species are the same...Ch. 2 - Describe the events that characterize each stage...Ch. 2 - How are chromosomes named on the basis of their...
Ch. 2 - Prob. 8PDQCh. 2 -
9. Describe the phases of the cell cycle and the...Ch. 2 - Define and discuss these terms: (a) synapsis, (b)...Ch. 2 - Prob. 11PDQCh. 2 - Prob. 12PDQCh. 2 - Contrast spermatogenesis and oogenesis. What is...Ch. 2 -
14. Explain why meiosis leads to significant...Ch. 2 -
15. A diploid cell contains three pairs of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 16PDQCh. 2 -
17. During oogenesis in an animal species with a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 18PDQCh. 2 -
19. During the first meiotic prophase, (a) when...Ch. 2 -
20. Describe the role of meiosis in the life...Ch. 2 - Prob. 21PDQCh. 2 - Prob. 22PDQCh. 2 - Prob. 23PDQCh. 2 -
24. If one follows 50 primary oocytes in an...Ch. 2 -
25. The nuclear DNA content of a single sperm...Ch. 2 - For Problems 26–31, consider a diploid cell that...Ch. 2 - For Problems 26–31, consider a diploid cell that...Ch. 2 - For Problems 26–31, consider a diploid cell that...Ch. 2 -
For Problems 26–31, consider a diploid cell that...Ch. 2 - For Problems 26–31, consider a diploid cell that...Ch. 2 - For Problems 26–31, consider a diploid cell that...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The image below is of a metaphase chromosome. What type of chromosome does the image represent.arrow_forwardAn unfertilized egg cell from a goldfish contains 47 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would be present in one of this goldfish's intestinal cells? a) 47 chromosomes b) 94 chromosomes c) 23 chromosomes d) 188 chromosomes e) 24 chromosomesarrow_forwardWhat is a centromere? How does the position of centromere form the basis of classification of chromosomes. Support your answer with a diagram showing the position of centromere on different types of chromosomes.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements about chromosomes and centromeres is INCORRECT?(choose the letter that corresponds to the answer) A. A centromere is a constriction visible on metaphase chromosomes. B. Centromere position is a useful marker for dividing chromosomes into karyotype groups. C. Centromeric protein-A replaces histone H3 in nucleosomes found at the centromere. D. Acentric and dicentric chromosomes are genetically stable chromosomes.arrow_forwardWhat are homologous chromosomes? a. The two halves of a replicated chromosome b. Two identical chromosomes from one parent c. Two genetically identical chromosomes, one from each parent d. Two genetically similar chromosomes, one from each parentarrow_forwardWhich of these items have the same exact Genetic information/ Nucleotide Sequence. a. Chromosome 1 from mom and chromosome 1 from dad. b. Homologous chromosomes c. Sister chromatids d. All of the abovearrow_forward
- Chromosomes that carry the same genes are referred to as what?arrow_forwardList 8 different processes that affect the structure of the chromosomes. Explain how each process happensarrow_forwardIf a muscle cell in a frog has 28 chromosomes how many chromosomes will an unfertilized egg produced by this same frog have? Group of answer choices a. 7 b. 28 c. 35 d. 14 e. 56arrow_forward
- You are given a metaphase chromosome preparation (a slide)from an unknown organism that contains 12 chromosomes.Two that are clearly smaller than the rest appear identical inlength and centromere placement. Describe all that you canabout these chromosomes.arrow_forwardFigure 1 in the video shows the number of chromosomes observed in an actively dividing human cell at each stage of cell division. Which of the following best describes a correct interpretation of the changes in chromosomes number depicted in Figure 1? A. Restate the question and record the right answer. B. Why is this the correct answer?arrow_forwardEach Chromosome Is Composed of a Single Long Molecule of ___________?arrow_forward
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