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The following pedigree shows the inheritance of red hair in a family in Scotland. Red hair is caused by homozygosity for a recessive allele of a gene called MC1R. Although worldwide red hair is the rarest of human hair colors, red hair is not uncommon in Scotland. In fact, 40% of Scots without red hair are nonetheless carriers of the red hair allele.
a. | Why does red hair show a horizontal inheritance pattern in this particular pedigree even though the trait is caused by a recessive allele? |
b. | Assuming that individual III-2 has a child with the Scottish woman shown (III-1) who is not a close relative, what is the probability that this child (IV-1) will have red hair? |
c. | What is the probability that the child of first cousins III-9 and III-10 (IV-2) will have red hair? |
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