Concept explainers
2 and 3:
Journalize the transactions of August in a two column journal beginning on page 18.
2 and 3:
Explanation of Solution
Journal: Journal is the book of original entry. Journal consists of the day today financial transactions in a chronological order. The journal has two aspects; they are debit aspect and the credit aspect.
Rules of debit and credit:
“An increase in an asset account, an increase in an expense account, a decrease in liability account, and a decrease in a revenue account should be debited.
Similarly, an increase in liability account, an increase in a revenue account and a decrease in an asset account, a decrease in an expenses account should be credited”.
Journalize the transactions of August in a two column journal beginning on page 18.
Journal Page 18 | |||||
Date | Description | Post. Ref | Debit ($) | Credit ($) | |
2016 | Office supplies | 14 | 3,150 | ||
August | 1 | Accounts payable | 21 | 3,150 | |
(To record the purchase of supplies of account) | |||||
2 | Rent expense | 52 | 7,200 | ||
Cash | 11 | 7,200 | |||
(To record the payment of rent) | |||||
3 | Cash | 11 | 83,900 | ||
12 | 83,900 | ||||
(To record the receipt of cash from clients) | |||||
5 | Prepaid insurance | 13 | 12,000 | ||
Cash | 11 | 12,000 | |||
(To record the payment of insurance premium) | |||||
9 | Accounts payable | 21 | 400 | ||
Office supplies | 14 | 400 | |||
(To record the payment made to creditors on account) | |||||
17 | Advertising expense | 53 | 8,000 | ||
Cash | 11 | 8,000 | |||
(To record the payment of advertising expense) | |||||
23 | Accounts payable | 21 | 13,750 | ||
Cash | 11 | 13,750 | |||
(To record the payment made to creditors on account) |
Table (1)
Journal Page 19 | |||||
Date | Description | Post. Ref | Debit ($) | Credit ($) | |
2016 | 29 | Miscellaneous expense | 59 | 1,700 | |
August | Cash | 11 | 1,700 | ||
(To record the payment made for Miscellaneous expense) | |||||
30 | Automobile expense | 54 | 2,500 | ||
Cash | 11 | 2,500 | |||
(To record the payment made for automobile expense) | |||||
31 | Cash | 11 | 2,000 | ||
Salary and commission expense | 51 | 2,000 | |||
(To record the receipt of cash) | |||||
31 | Salary and commission expense | 51 | 53,000 | ||
Cash | 11 | 53,000 | |||
(To record the payment made for salary and commission expense) | |||||
31 | Accounts receivable | 12 | 183,500 | ||
Fees earned | 41 | 183,500 | |||
(To record the revenue earned and billed) | |||||
31 | Land | 16 | 75,000 | ||
Cash | 11 | 7,500 | |||
Notes payable | 23 | 67,500 | |||
(To record the purchase of land party for cash and party on signing a note) | |||||
31 | Person C’s Drawing | 32 | 1,000 | ||
Cash | 11 | 1,000 | |||
(To record the drawing made for personal use) | |||||
31 | Cash | 11 | 5,000 | ||
Unearned rent | 22 | 5,000 | |||
(To record the cash received for the service yet to be provide) |
Table (2)
1 and 3:
Record the beginning balances of each accounts in the appropriate balance column of a four-column account, and post them to the ledger extending the account balance to the appropriate balance column after each posting.
1 and 3:
Explanation of Solution
T-account: An account is referred to as a T-account, because the alignment of the components of the account resembles the capital letter ‘T’. An account consists of the three main components which are as follows:
- The title of the account.
- The left or debit side.
- The right or credit side.
Account: Cash Account no. 11 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2016 | |||||||
August | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 52,500 | |||
2 | 18 | 7,200 | 45,300 | ||||
3 | 18 | 83,900 | 129,200 | ||||
5 | 18 | 12,000 | 117,200 | ||||
17 | 18 | 8,000 | 109,200 | ||||
23 | 18 | 13,750 | 95,450 | ||||
29 | 19 | 1,700 | 93,750 | ||||
30 | 19 | 2,500 | 91,250 | ||||
31 | 19 | 2,000 | 93,250 | ||||
31 | 19 | 53,000 | 40,250 | ||||
31 | 19 | 7,500 | 32,750 | ||||
31 | 19 | 1,000 | 31,750 | ||||
31 | 19 | 5,000 | 36,750 |
Table (3)
Account: Accounts Receivable Account no. 12 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2016 | |||||||
August | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 100,100 | |||
3 | 18 | 83,900 | 16,200 | ||||
31 | 19 | 183,500 | 199,700 |
Table (4)
Account: Prepaid Insurance Account no. 13 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2016 | |||||||
August | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 12,600 | |||
5 | 18 | 12,000 | 24,600 |
Table (5)
Account: Office Supplies Account no. 14 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2016 | |||||||
August | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 2,800 | |||
1 | 18 | 3,150 | 5,950 | ||||
9 | 18 | 400 | 5,550 |
Table (6)
Account: Land Account no. 16 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2016 | |||||||
August | 31 | 19 | 75,000 | 75,000 |
Table (7)
Account: Accounts Payable Account no. 21 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2016 | |||||||
August | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 21,000 | |||
1 | 18 | 3,150 | 24,150 | ||||
9 | 18 | 400 | 23,750 | ||||
23 | 18 | 13,750 | 10,000 |
Table (8)
Account: Unearned Rent Account no. 22 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2016 | |||||||
August | 31 | 19 | 5,000 | 5,000 |
Table (9)
Account: Notes Payable Account no. 23 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2016 | |||||||
August | 31 | 19 | 67,500 | 67,500 |
Table (10)
Account: Person C’s Capital Account no. 31 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2016 | |||||||
August | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 87,500 |
Table (11)
Account: Person C’s Drawing Account no. 32 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2016 | |||||||
August | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 44,800 | |||
31 | 19 | 1,000 | 45,800 |
Table (12)
Account: Fees earned Account no. 41 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2016 | |||||||
August | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 591,500 | |||
31 | 19 | 183,500 | 775,000 |
Table (13)
Account: Salary and commission expense Account no. 51 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2016 | |||||||
August | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 385,000 | |||
31 | 19 | 2,000 | 383,000 | ||||
31 | 19 | 53,000 | 436,000 |
Table (14)
Account: Rent expense Account no. 52 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2016 | |||||||
August | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 49,000 | |||
2 | 18 | 7,200 | 56,200 |
Table (15)
Account: Advertising expense Account no. 53 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2016 | |||||||
August | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 32,200 | |||
17 | 18 | 8,000 | 40,200 |
Table (16)
Account: Automobile expense Account no. 54 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2016 | |||||||
August | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 15,750 | |||
30 | 19 | 2,500 | 18,250 |
Table (17)
Account: Miscellaneous expense Account no. 59 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2016 | |||||||
August | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 5,250 | |||
29 | 19 | 1,700 | 6,950 |
Table (18)
4.
Prepare an unadjusted
4.
Explanation of Solution
Unadjusted trial balance: The unadjusted trial balance is the summary of all the ledger accounts that appears on the ledger accounts before making
Prepare an unadjusted trial balance of Company V Realty at August 31, 2016 as follows:
Company V Realty Unadjusted Trial Balance August 31, 2016 | |||
Particulars |
Account No. | Debit $ | Credit $ |
Cash | 11 | 36,750 | |
Accounts receivable | 12 | 199,700 | |
Prepaid insurance | 13 | 24,600 | |
Office supplies | 14 | 5,550 | |
Land | 16 | 75,000 | |
Accounts payable | 21 | 10,000 | |
Unearned rent | 22 | 5,000 | |
Notes payable | 23 | 67,500 | |
C’s Capital | 31 | 87,500 | |
C’s Drawings | 32 | 45,800 | |
Fees earned | 41 | 775,000 | |
Salaries and commission expense | 51 | 436,000 | |
Rent expense | 52 | 56,200 | |
Advertising expense | 53 | 40,200 | |
Automobile expense | 54 | 18,250 | |
Miscellaneous expense | 59 | 6,950 | |
Total | 945,000 | 945,000 |
Table (19)
The debit column and credit column of the unadjusted trial balance are agreed, both having balance of $945,000.
5. (a)
Explain the reason behind the unadjusted trial balance in (4) balance.
5. (a)
Explanation of Solution
The unadjusted trial balance in (4) would still balance, since all the debits are equalized with the credit in the original
(b)
Journalize the correcting entry.
(b)
Explanation of Solution
The Correcting entry is as follows:
Journal Page 19 | |||||
Date | Description | Post. Ref | Debit ($) | Credit ($) | |
2016 | Person C’s drawing | 32 | 9,000 | ||
August | 31 | Cash | 11 | 9,000 | |
(To record the correcting entry) |
Table (20)
Working note:
(c)
Identify whether the error made is a slide or transposition.
(c)
Explanation of Solution
Transposition error: At the time of
Slide error: A slide error occurs, when the decimal point of an amount has been misplaced.
The drawings account balance recorded as $10,000 instead of $1,000 is a slide error because the decimal point of the amount has been misplaced.
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Chapter 2 Solutions
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