Concept explainers
With the help of the data in Table 17-1, find the minimum speed artificial satellites must have to pursue stable orbits about Mars.
aThe mean earth-sun distance is called the astronomical unit, where 1 AU = 1.496 × 108 km.
bThe earth’s mass is 5.98 × 1024 kg.
cThe density of water is 1 g/cm3 = 103 kg/m3.
dThe acceleration of gravity at the earth’s surface is 9.81 m/s2.
eSpeed needed for permanent escape from the planet’s gravitational field.
fVenus rotates in the opposite direction from the other planets.
gThe axis of rotation of Uranus is only 8° from the plane of its orbit.
hThe difference between the minimum and maximum distances from the sun divided by the average distance.
iThe ecliptic is the plane of the earth’s orbit.
jProbably more small ones around Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus.
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