Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The blanks in the table are to be filled.
Concept introduction:
The
The number of electrons in a neutral atom is exactly equal to the number of protons.
The mass number of an atom
Here,
Answer to Problem 99AP
Solution:
Explanation of Solution
For the first element,
Number of protons
Number of electrons
Number of neutrons
For the given element, thenumbers of protons and electrons are equal, so it is a neutral atom. Its atomic number is the number of protons. So, the atomic number of this element is
Substitute
The mass number is
Hence, thesymbol is
For the second element, the symbol given is
The atomic number of iron is
Substitute
The number of neutrons is
For the third element,
Number of neutrons
Number of electrons
Net charge on the element is
This element has gained three electrons, so the number of protons becomes
Substitute
The mass number is
Hence, the symbol is
For the fourth element,
Number of protons
Number of electrons
Number of neutrons
Thenumbers of protons and electrons are equal, so it is a neutral atom. The atomic number is equal to the number of protons. So, the atomic number of this element is
Substitute
The mass number is
Hence, the symbol is
For the fifth element,
Number of protons
Number of neutrons
Net charge
The net charge is zero, so it is a neutral atom. The number of electrons is equal to the number of protons, that is,
Substitute
The mass number is
Hence, the symbol is
The blanks in the given table are filled as shown below:
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 2 Solutions
CHEMISTRY(LOOSELEAF W/CODE)- CUSTOM
- Calculate the atomic mass of each of the following elements using the given data for the percentage abundance and mass of each isotope. a. Silver: 51.82% 107Ag (106.9 amu) and 48.18% 109Ag (108.9 amu) b. Silicon: 92.21% 28Si (27.98 amu), 4.70% 29Si (28.98 amu), and 3.09% 30Si (29.97 amu)arrow_forwardThe isotope of an unknown element, X, has a mass number of 79. The most stable ion of this isotope has 36 electrons and has a 2 charge. Which of the following statements is(are) true? For the false statements, correct them. a. This ion has more electrons than protons in the nucleus. b. The isotope of X contains 38 protons. c. The isotope of X contains 41 neutrons. d. The identity of X is strontium, Sr.arrow_forwardA hypothetical element X is found to have an atomic weight of 37.45 amu. Element X has only two isotopes, X-37 and X-38. The X-37 isotope has a fractional abundance of 0.7721 and an isotopic mass of 37.24. What is the isotopic mass of the other isotope?arrow_forward
- Silicon (averageatomicmass=28.0855amu) has three isotopes. Their masses are 27.9769 amu, 28.9765 amu, and 29.9738 amu. The abundance of the heaviest isotope is 2.96%. Estimate the abundances of the first two isotopes.arrow_forwardGive the complete symbol(ZAX), including atomic number and mass number, of (a) a nickel atom with 31 neutrons, (b) a plutonium atom with 150 neutrons, and (c) a tungsten atom with 110 neutrons.arrow_forwardCalculate the atomic mass of each of the following elements using the given data for the percentage abundance and mass of each isotope. a. Lithium: 7.42% 6Li (6.01 amu) and 92.58% 7Li (7.02 amu) b. Magnesium: 78.99% 24Mg (23.99 amu), 10.00% 25Mg (24.99 amu), and 11.01% 26Mg (25.98 amu)arrow_forward
- The following table gives the number of protons and neutrons in the nuclei of various atoms. Which atom is the isotope of atom A? Which atom has the same mass number as atom A? Protons Neutrons Atom A 32 39 Atom B 33 38 Atom C 38 50 Atom D 32 38arrow_forwardWhich of the following is{are) correct? a. 40Ca2 contains 20 protons and 18 electrons. b. Rutherford created the cathode-ray tube and was the founder of the charge-to-mass ratio of an electron. c. An electron is heavier than a proton. d. The nucleus contains protons, neutrons, and electrons.arrow_forwardThe element gallium, used in gallium arsenide semiconductors, has an atomic weight of 69.72 amu. There are only two isotopes of gallium, Ga with a mass of 6.9257 amu and Ga with a mass of 70.9249 amu. What are the isotopic abundances of gallium? Gallium melts just above room temperaturearrow_forward
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage Learning