Interpretation:
The synthesis of
Concept introduction:
舧 Electrophiles are electron-deficient species, which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles, which accept electron pair.
舧 Nucleophiles are electron-rich species, which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles, which donate electron pair.
舧 Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.
舧 Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.
舧 Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.
舧 The reaction in which hydrogen is added to the compound in the presence of catalyst is known as hydrogenation.
舧 The number of moles of hydrogen absorbed will be equal to the number of double bonds.
舧 The reaction in which a halide group is removed to form an alkene is called dehydrohalogenation.
舧 This reaction in which
舧 Acetylation refers to the process of introducing an acetyl group into a compound. A reaction involving te replacement of the hydrogen atom of a hydroxyl or amine group with an acetyl group. Acetic anhydride is commonly used as an acetylating agent.
舧 Piperidine is a heterocyclic amine containing six membered rings, which contains five methyl groups and one nitrogen atom.
舧 Nitrous acid
舧 Nitrous acid is used to make diazonium salts from amines.
舧 The reaction of primary aryl amine with nitrous acid gives arenediazonium salt.
舧 The nitro compounds formed by direct nitration reaction undergo reduction to give primary aryl amine.
舧 The diazonium group is easily replaced by another group.
舧 In Sandmeyer reaction, arenediazonium salt reacts with cuprous bromide, cuprous cyanide, and cuprous chloride, and the replacement of diazonium group by
舧 The replacement of diazonium group by
舧 The replacement of diazonium group by
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