Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134711751
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 20, Problem 16PS
Interpreting Data In a classic study. John Teal measured energy flow in a salt marsh ecosystem. The table below shows some of his results.
| Form of energy | Kcal/m2/yr | Efficiency of energy transfer (%) |
| Sunlight | 600,000 | n/a |
| Chemical energy in producers | 6.585 | |
| Chemical energy in primary consumers | 81 | |
| Data from: J. M Teal, Energy Flow in the Salt Marsh Ecosystem of Georgia. Ecology 43: 614–24 (1962). | ||
- a. Calculate the efficiency of energy transfer by the producers. That is, what percentage of the energy in sunlight was converted into chemical energy and incorporated into plant biomass?
- b. Calculate the efficiency of energy transfer by the primary consumers. What percentage of the energy in plant biomass was incorporated into the bodies of the primary consumers? What became of the rest of the energy (see Figure 20.27)?
- c. How much energy is available for secondary consumers? Based on the efficiency of energy transfer by primary consumers, estimate how much energy will be available to tertiary consumers.
- d. Draw a pyramid of production for the producers, primary consumers, and secondary consumers for this ecosystem (see Figure 20.28].
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In a rice paddy in Southeast Asia, the insolation energy is 6,000,000 calories/m2/day. The gross productivity of the rice is 0.012 grams/cm2/day, and the respiration loss is 20 percent. One gram of rice is equivalent to 1000 calories.
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WRITE ABOUT A THEME: Energy and MatterDecomposition typically occurs quickly in moist tropicalforests. However, waterlogging in the soil of some moisttropical forests results over time in a buildup of organicmatter called βpeat.β In a short essay (100β150 words), discussthe relationship of net primary production, net ecosystemproduction, and decomposition for such an ecosystem. AreNPP and NEP likely to be positive? What do you think wouldhappen to NEP if a landowner drained the water from atropical peatland, exposing the organic matter to air?
Chapter 20 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (6th Edition)
Ch. 20 - Prob. 1SQCh. 20 - According to the concept of competitive exclusion,...Ch. 20 - Prob. 3SQCh. 20 - Prob. 4SQCh. 20 - Why are the top predators in food chains most...Ch. 20 - Over a period of many years, grass grows on a sand...Ch. 20 - Prob. 7SQCh. 20 - Local conditions, such as heavy rainfall or the...Ch. 20 - Prob. 9SQCh. 20 - Prob. 10SQ
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Energy flow in ecosystem; Author: MooMooMath and Science;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5jBV9vJmXZI;License: Standard youtube license