Chapter 20, Problem 20.116CHP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given incomplete reaction should be completed and its balanced net ionic equation has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Transition element is one which can form one or more stable ions with a partially occupied d-subshell.  Most of the transition elements are metals and majority of elements exists in various oxidation states also. 

Ionic equation is an equation in which ions are explicitly shown.

Spectator ions are the ion that appears unchanged on both sides of a reaction arrow.

Net ionic equation is the chemical equation for a reaction which lists only those species participating in the reaction.

To write the net ionic equation, steps mentioned below must be followed.

1. 1. Write the balanced molecular equation
2. 2. Write the ionic equation showing the strong electrolytes completely dissociated into cations and anions.
3. 3. Cancel the spectator ions on both sides of the ionic equation.
4. 4. Check that charges and number of atoms are balanced in the net ionic equation.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given incomplete reaction should be completed and its balanced net ionic equation has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Transition element is one which can form one or more stable ions with a partially occupied d-subshell.  Most of the transition elements are metals and majority of elements exists in various oxidation states also. 

Ionic equation is an equation in which ions are explicitly shown.

Spectator ions are the ion that appears unchanged on both sides of a reaction arrow.

Net ionic equation is the chemical equation for a reaction which lists only those species participating in the reaction.

To write the net ionic equation, steps mentioned below must be followed.

1. 1. Write the balanced molecular equation
2. 2. Write the ionic equation showing the strong electrolytes completely dissociated into cations and anions.
3. 3. Cancel the spectator ions on both sides of the ionic equation.
4. 4. Check that charges and number of atoms are balanced in the net ionic equation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given incomplete reaction should be completed and its balanced net ionic equation has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Transition element is one which can form one or more stable ions with a partially occupied d-subshell.  Most of the transition elements are metals and majority of elements exists in various oxidation states also. 

Ionic equation is an equation in which ions are explicitly shown.

Spectator ions are the ion that appears unchanged on both sides of a reaction arrow.

Net ionic equation is the chemical equation for a reaction which lists only those species participating in the reaction.

To write the net ionic equation, steps mentioned below must be followed.

1. 1. Write the balanced molecular equation
2. 2. Write the ionic equation showing the strong electrolytes completely dissociated into cations and anions.
3. 3. Cancel the spectator ions on both sides of the ionic equation.
4. 4. Check that charges and number of atoms are balanced in the net ionic equation.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given incomplete reaction should be completed and its balanced net ionic equation has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Transition element is one which can form one or more stable ions with a partially occupied d-subshell.  Most of the transition elements are metals and majority of elements exists in various oxidation states also. 

Ionic equation is an equation in which ions are explicitly shown.

Spectator ions are the ion that appears unchanged on both sides of a reaction arrow.

Net ionic equation is the chemical equation for a reaction which lists only those species participating in the reaction.

To write the net ionic equation, steps mentioned below must be followed.

1. 1. Write the balanced molecular equation
2. 2. Write the ionic equation showing the strong electrolytes completely dissociated into cations and anions.
3. 3. Cancel the spectator ions on both sides of the ionic equation.
4. 4. Check that charges and number of atoms are balanced in the net ionic equation.