Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134261928
Author: Michael T. Madigan, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, W. Matthew Sattley, David A. Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 20, Problem 2AQ
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To explain:
The open ocean waters are highly toxic, predict the possible metabolic lifestyles of open-ocean Bacteria and Archaea. Why might the pigment rhodopsin be more abundant in one group of organism than in the other?
Concept introduction:
An ocean is the saline water body that comprises much of a hydrosphere of planets. An ocean is one of the vital conventional divisions of the world ocean on the earth. The ocean contains 97 percentage of earth’s water and entire volume is approximately 1.35 billion cubic kilometers with depth average nearly 3, 7000 m.
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Chapter 20 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
Ch. 20.1 - Prob. 1MQCh. 20.1 - Prob. 2MQCh. 20.1 - Prob. 3MQCh. 20.1 - How does a microbial population differ from a...Ch. 20.1 - Prob. 1CRCh. 20.2 - Prob. 1MQCh. 20.2 - What is a biogeochemical cycle? Give an example...Ch. 20.2 - Prob. 1CRCh. 20.3 - Prob. 1MQCh. 20.3 - Prob. 2MQ
Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 1CRCh. 20.4 - Prob. 1MQCh. 20.4 - Prob. 2MQCh. 20.4 - Prob. 3MQCh. 20.4 - Prob. 1CRCh. 20.5 - Prob. 1MQCh. 20.5 - Prob. 2MQCh. 20.5 - Prob. 1CRCh. 20.6 - Which phylum of Bacteria dominates bacterial...Ch. 20.6 - What factors govern the extent and type of...Ch. 20.6 - Prob. 3MQCh. 20.6 - In what soil horizon are microbial numbers and...Ch. 20.7 - Prob. 1MQCh. 20.7 - Prob. 2MQCh. 20.7 - Prob. 3MQCh. 20.7 - Prob. 1CRCh. 20.8 - Prob. 1MQCh. 20.8 - Prob. 2MQCh. 20.8 - Prob. 3MQCh. 20.8 - Prob. 1CRCh. 20.9 - What did the Deepwater Horizon spill tell us about...Ch. 20.9 - Prob. 2MQCh. 20.9 - Why is release of sulfide from oxygen minimum...Ch. 20.10 - How does Ostreococcus differ from Prochlorococcus?...Ch. 20.10 - How does the organism Prochlorococcus contribute...Ch. 20.10 - How does Roseobacter differ from Prochlorococcus?Ch. 20.10 - Prob. 1CRCh. 20.11 - What is proteorhodopsin and why is it so named?...Ch. 20.11 - Prob. 2MQCh. 20.11 - Prob. 3MQCh. 20.11 - Why are dilute culture media used for isolating...Ch. 20.11 - Prob. 1CRCh. 20.12 - Prob. 1MQCh. 20.12 - What molecular adaptations are found in...Ch. 20.12 - Prob. 1CRCh. 20.13 - Prob. 1MQCh. 20.13 - Prob. 2MQCh. 20.13 - What alternative sources of energy are suggested...Ch. 20.13 - Deep-sea sediments show decreasing nutrient levels...Ch. 20.14 - How does a warm hydrothermal vent differ from a...Ch. 20.14 - Prob. 2MQCh. 20.14 - Prob. 3MQCh. 20.14 - Would you expect to find the same types of...Ch. 20 - Prob. 1AQCh. 20 - Prob. 2AQCh. 20 - Global warming has been suggested to result in...
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- Enzymatic activity is rapidly destroyed at physiologically high temperatures. How do you reconcile this observation with the existence of bacteria and algae that grow in hot springs where the temperature may be as high as 73 °C?arrow_forwardCompare photo litho autotrophy with chemo-organo heterotrophy. Sun light is the ultimate source of energy and all living organisms obtain their energy directly or indirectly from the sun. However in deep-sea vents (where there is no sun light) life has originated and the many groups of microorganisms are flourishing in such environment. How? Explain your reasoningarrow_forwardA chemolithoautotroph is respiring using only iron (Fe3+) and nitrite (NO2-). This bacterium does not consume organic molecules. Describe a result of this organism’s metabolic pathways that could be beneficial to another organism (of any type) living in close proximityarrow_forward
- . The light-sensitive, protein component of the complex which pumps hydrogen ions out of the cell when exposed to sunlight (from the halophilic archaeobacterium Halobacterium halobium) is called: the photosynthetic reaction center bacteriorhodopsin retinal cytochrome c bacteriochlorophyllarrow_forwardAlthough chemoautotrophs serve as the primary producers near hydrothermal vents, animals there still ultimately depend on the photosynthetic activities of plants and cyanobacteria. Why?arrow_forwardMany pelagic Bacteria can use light energy but arenot considered “phototrophs” in the same sense ascyanobacteria or purple bacteria. Explain.arrow_forward
- For my cell molecular biology, we had to explain how lithotrophic and organotrophic bioprocesses, occurring under anaerobic conditions, contribute to the carbon cycle. Any help to how to solve this problem is greatly appreciated! Thanksarrow_forward1. Kingdom of excavate organisms characterized by the presence of discoid cristae in mitochondria. 2. Kingdom of excavate organisms characterized by the lack or absence of mitochondria3. In Archaea, this is the specific component that links the cell membrane fatty acids with glycerol.4.arrow_forwardCompare photolithoautotrophy with chemolithoautotrophy. Do you think it is possible for an ecosystem to exist solely on the organic carbon generated by chemolithotrophy (i.e., without any contribution by photosynthetic organisms)? Explain your reasoning.arrow_forward
- The common name for species like Anabena is blue-green algae. This group of bacteria are capable of photosynthesizing. Do they contain chloroplasts? Explain.arrow_forwardA chemolithoautotroph is respiring using only iron (Fe3+) and nitrite (NO2-). This bacterium does not consume organic molecules. How does this organism make NADH?arrow_forwardBlue-green algae (cyanobacteria) form heterocysts when deprived of ammonia and nitrate. In this form, the cyanobacteria lack nuclei and are attached to adjacent vegetative cells. Heterocysts have photosystem I activity but are entirely devoid of photosystem II activity. What is their role?arrow_forward
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