Human Anatomy & Physiology (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134553511
Author: Erin C. Amerman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 20, Problem 7CYR
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
a. Surface barriers contain substances in their secretions that kill pathogens and deter their growth.
b. Phagocytic cells of innate immunity include NK cells and basophils.
c. NK cells are cytotoxic cells that lyse and kill cancer cells and cells infected with certain viruses.
d. Interleukin-1 is a cytokine that prevents viral replication in infected cells.
e. Fever is generated by pyrogens that reset the temperature set point of the hypothalamus to a lower value.
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Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct is to make a true statement. a. In the primary immune response, the lag phase lasts about 5 days, during which time B cells proliferate and differentiate. b. The secondary immune response is mediated by plasma cells. c. Subunit vaccines consist of pathogens that are alive but unable to cause disease. d. Vaccinations are given to induce the production of the inflammatory response
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e. It enters via the bloodstream and exits via efferent lymphatics.
Chapter 20 Solutions
Human Anatomy & Physiology (2nd Edition)
Ch. 20.1 - What are the main functions of the lymphatic...Ch. 20.1 - 2. How do lymphatic capillaries differ from blood...Ch. 20.1 - What is the pathway of lymph flow from the right...Ch. 20.1 - 4. What main cell types are located in lymphoid...Ch. 20.1 - List the main functions of MALT, lymph nodes, the...Ch. 20.2 - 1. How do innate immunity and adaptive immunity...Ch. 20.2 - 2. What are the three lines of defense?
Ch. 20.2 - What are the bodys main surface barriers, and how...Ch. 20.2 - Prob. 4QCCh. 20.2 - How are the immune system and lymphatic system...
Ch. 20.3 - Match the following cell types with their correct...Ch. 20.3 - Which of the cells in question 1 do not directly...Ch. 20.3 - What is the complement system, and what are its...Ch. 20.3 - In what two ways is the complement system...Ch. 20.3 - 5. What are the main cytokines of innate...Ch. 20.3 - What are the four cardinal signs of inflammation?Ch. 20.3 - 7. What are inflammatory mediators, and what do...Ch. 20.3 - Explain the role of phagocytes in the inflammatory...Ch. 20.3 - What causes the elevated temperature and common...Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 10QCCh. 20.4 - 1. What are MHC molecules?
Ch. 20.4 - 2. How do class I and class II MHC molecules...Ch. 20.4 - How are T cells activated?Ch. 20.4 - Prob. 4QCCh. 20.4 - What are the main functions of TC cells?Ch. 20.4 - Prob. 6QCCh. 20.4 - Prob. 7QCCh. 20.5 - 1. How is a B cell activated?
Ch. 20.5 - Prob. 2QCCh. 20.5 - What are the five classes of antibody, and how do...Ch. 20.5 - 4. List the five main functions of antibodies.
Ch. 20.5 - How do the primary and secondary immune responses...Ch. 20.5 - 6. What is the purpose of a vaccination, and what...Ch. 20.5 - 7. How do active immunity and passive immunity...Ch. 20.6 - How do innate immunity and adaptive immunity work...Ch. 20.6 - Walk through the basic steps of the immune...Ch. 20.6 - How does the immune system survey the body for...Ch. 20.6 - Walk through the steps of the immune response to...Ch. 20.6 - Prob. 5QCCh. 20.6 - 6. How do cancer cells escape the immune response...Ch. 20.7 - Define the four types of hypersensitivity...Ch. 20.7 - Explain how type IV hypersensitivity differs from...Ch. 20.7 - How do primary and secondary immunodeficiency...Ch. 20.7 - Prob. 4QCCh. 20.7 - What is an autoimmune disorder? What produces the...Ch. 20.7 - 6. What are the potential causes of autoimmune...Ch. 20 - 1. Which of the following is not a function of the...Ch. 20 - Mark the following statements as true or false. If...Ch. 20 - Fill in the blanks: The lymphoid organ that...Ch. 20 - Fill in the blanks: Nonspecific immunity is also...Ch. 20 -
5. Which of the following make up the body’s...Ch. 20 - Which of the following does not describe the...Ch. 20 - Mark the following statements as true or false. If...Ch. 20 - Which of the following functions is/are performed...Ch. 20 - Prob. 9CYRCh. 20 - 10. When naïve B cells are activated, they...Ch. 20 - 11. Match the following antibodies with the...Ch. 20 - Mark the following statements as true or false. If...Ch. 20 - Prob. 13CYRCh. 20 - On which type(s) of cells are class I MHC...Ch. 20 - Fill in the blanks: Class I MHC molecules display...Ch. 20 - 16. Which of the following is not a role of TH...Ch. 20 - 17. Mark the following statements as true or...Ch. 20 - 18. Type I hypersensitivity is due to release of...Ch. 20 - Prob. 19CYRCh. 20 - Prob. 20CYRCh. 20 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 20 - Complement proteins are crucial for stimulating...Ch. 20 - 3. Terrence has severe asthma and allergies, and...Ch. 20 - Your friend tests her snake-wrangling skills on an...Ch. 20 - 2. Carla presents to her physician with a...Ch. 20 - 3. Mr. White has been diagnosed with febrile...Ch. 20 - Mr. White developed neutropenia as a consequence...Ch. 20 - 5. The chemotherapeutic drugs Mr. White is taking...
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- Explain why each choice (a-d) is correct or incorrect. All but one of the following occurs during the inflammatory response. Select the example below that does NOT describe the process of inflammation. a. Inflammation increases capillary permeability. b. Chemotaxis draws leucocytes to the site of injury. c. Vasoconstriction prevents excessive blood loss due to injury. d. Release of prostaglandins results in pain.arrow_forwardPhagocytes move through capillary walls by squeezing between adjacent endothelial cells, a process known as (a) diapedesis. (b) chemotaxis. (c) adhesion. (d) perforation.arrow_forwardActivated helper T Cells participate in which of the following processes? a.) Differentiation of memory B cells b.) Activation of cytotoxic T Cells c.) Facilitation of macrophage phagocytosis d.) All of abovearrow_forward
- Which of the following is both a phagocyte and an antigen-presenting cell? a. NK cell b. eosinophil c. neutrophil d. macrophagearrow_forwardDiGeorge syndrome is a congenital disease that results in a poorly developed, nonfunctioning thymus gland. Which of the following would be a likely problem experienced by a baby with DiGeorge syndrome? a. lack of B cells b. lack of antibodies c. lack of T cells d. lack of macrophagesarrow_forwardWhich of these cell types aids the activation of T lymphocytes by antigens? a. Macrophages b. Neutrophils c. Mast cells d. Natural killer cellsarrow_forward
- The T lymphocytes as macrophages, secrete a number of polypeptides (cytokines) generally called lymphokines that serve as autocrine regulators of the immune system.a. Identify any five (5) lymphokines and explain their functions.b. Briefly state a function for each of the following immune cells. Monocytes Mast Cells B Lymphocytes Cytotoxic, T Lymphocytes Helper T Lymphocytesarrow_forwardMatch the following cell types with their correct definition. ____ Macrophage a. Granulocyte that attacks parasites. ____ NK cell b. Granulocyte that secretes inflammatory mediators. ____ Eosinophil c. Highly active phagocytic agranulocyte that acts as an antigen-presenting cell. ____ Dendritic cell d. Highly active phagocytic granulocyte. ____ Neutrophil e. Cell that is cytotoxic to cancerous cells and to cells infected with certain viruses. f. Cell found in lymphoid organs that has long processes and acts as an antigen-presenting cell ____ Basophilarrow_forwardChoose the most accurate characteristic of B cells. A) They help establish and control the sensitivity of the immune response. B) They stimulate the activities of T cells. C) They attack foreign cells, normal cells infected with viruses, and cancer cells that appear in normal tissues. D) They continually monitor peripheral tissues. E) They differentiate into plasma cells that secrete antibodies.arrow_forward
- These two cells destroy an infected cell by releasing chemicals that cause apoptosis. a. NK cell and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte b. macrophage and NK cell c. helper T-lymphocyte and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte d. B-lymphocyte and T-lymphocytearrow_forwardDescribe neutrophils and NK cells, giving one example of how each cell type destroys pathogens that have invaded your body. Why are they both part of the “innate” immune system?arrow_forwardMark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement. a. Lymphatic vessels constitute a one-way system that delivers fluid from the blood vessels to the extracellular space. b. Lymph from the lower limbs drains into the right lymphatic duct. c. Fat-containing lymph from the intestines drains into the cisterna chyli. d. The thymus is the site of maturation of B cells. e. Clusters of MALT located around the oral and nasal cavities are known as Peyer’s patchearrow_forward
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