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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and D or L-sugar has to be identified from the pair.
Concept introduction:
The pair of Enantiomers is non-superimposable mirror images of each other.
The stereo-descriptor used for carbohydrates is D or L. it is based on the dextrorotatory or levorotatory of smallest carbohydrate glyceraldehyde (1 chiral center).
The stereo-descriptor for other carbohydrates of having more than one chiral center will be evaluated by the location of –OH group (right or left) of farthest chiral carbon (bottom) from the carbonyl group. Such as,
If the –OH group is located in right side then, the carbohydrate is a D-sugar.
If the –OH group is located in left side then, the carbohydrate is an L-sugar.
(b)
Interpretation:
The enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and D or L-sugar has to be identified from the pair.
Concept introduction:
The pair of Enantiomers is non-superimposable mirror images of each other.
The stereo-descriptor used for carbohydrates is D or L. it is based on the dextrorotatory or levorotatory of smallest carbohydrate glyceraldehyde (1 chiral center).
The stereo-descriptor for other carbohydrates of having more than one chiral center will be evaluated by the location of –OH group (right or left) of farthest chiral carbon (bottom) from the carbonyl group. Such as,
If the –OH group is located in right side then, the carbohydrate is a D-sugar.
If the –OH group is located in left side then, the carbohydrate is an L-sugar.
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Chapter 20 Solutions
EBK FUNDAMENTALS OF GENERAL, ORGANIC, A
- Complete the following table by providing the Fischer and Haworth Projections of the given sugars. (Please be careful with the alpha and beta, and the complete and abbreviated) (not a graded question) Sugar Fischer Projection Haworth Projection (Complete) alpha-anomer Haworth Projection (Abbreviated) beta-anomer L-Galactose L-Fructosearrow_forwardComplete the following table by providing the Fischer and Haworth Projections of the given sugars. In the Fischer Projection put an asterisk (*) mark in the chiral centers of the molecule. Sugar Fischer Projection Haworth Projection (Complete) alpha-anomer Haworth Projection (Abbreviated) beta-anomer D-Mannose D-Xylose L-Lyxosearrow_forwardFollowing are Fischer projections for a group of five-carbon sugars, all of which are aldopentoses. Identify the pairs that are enantiomers. CHO сно H-C- OH H-C-OH H-C- OH но-с — н н-с—он но- ČHOH ČH,OH сно CHO Н-с—он но—с— н H-C- OH H-C-OH но—с—н Н-с—он ČHOH ČH,OH сно сно н-с—он но—с —н но—с— н но -с — н H-C- OH но- C-H ČH,OH ČH,OHarrow_forward
- Complete the following table by providing the Fischer and Haworth Projections of the given sugars. In the Fischer Projection put an asterisk (*) mark in the chiral centers of the molecule. Sugar Fischer Projection Haworth Projection (Complete) alpha-anomer Haworth Projection (Abbreviated) beta-anomer L-Galactose L-Fructose D-Mannose D-Xylose L-Lyxosearrow_forwardFollowing are Fischer projections for a group of five-carbon sugars, all of which are aldopentoses. Identify the pairs that are enantiomers and the pairs that are epimers СНО СНО СНО H-C-OH H-C-OH H-C-OH H-C-OH Но-С—н H-C-OH H-C-OH Но-ҫ—н Но—с—н CHOH CHĻOH ČH,OH СНО СНО СНО Но —С— н H-C-OH HO-C-H Н—С—он Но -С—н HO-C-H H-c-OH H-C-OH HO-C-H CH̟OH ČHĻOH ČHĻOH Pairs of Enantiomers Pairs of Epimersarrow_forwardIdentify each of the following Haworth projection formulas as an a-D monosaccharide or a ß D-monosaccharide.arrow_forward
- Give one specific sample structure (Fischer Projection or Haworth) of the following carbohydrate derivatives: - Amino-sugararrow_forwardWrite the name for the trisaccharide depicted below (for example, of the form a - D - xylofuranose). Be sure to include if the sugars are in the pyranose or furanose conformations in the name and include the linkages between sugars (for example, (2 - - > 4)). CH₂OH ОН OH н ОН -CH₂ H\H ОН н н ОН CH2OH н ОН но н н ОНarrow_forwardConstruct the two enantiomeric forms/structure of the following monosaccharides and designate the handedness of each using D, L system: a. Ribulosearrow_forward