Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The disaccharides formed by the
Concept introduction:
Glycosidic linkage forms disaccharide by reaction of the
Reducing sugar: Sugars that contain
Anomeric position is carried by an
Anomeric position is carried by an alkoxy group for acetal sugars.
Hemiacetal sugars are in equilibrium with their open chain form.
Acetal sugars are not in equilibrium with their open chain form.
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EBK FUNDAMENTALS OF GENERAL, ORGANIC, A
- Draw the structural formula for -D-glucosyl-(1n6)-D-mannosamine and circle the part of this structure that makes the compound a reducing sugar.arrow_forwardWhat is the pyranose/furanose ring structure of this sugar?arrow_forwardGentiobiose (D-Glc(β1→6)D-Glc) is a disaccharide found in some plantglycosides. Draw the structure of gentiobiose based on its abbreviated name. Is it a reducing sugar? Does it undergo mutarotation?arrow_forward
- Draw the structure of malibiose a sugar found in plants and answer the following question: a) What two monosaccharides are formed on hydrolysis of melibiose? b) Is melibiose a reducing sugar? Explain. c) Describe the glycosidic linkage between the two mono- saccharide units.arrow_forwardThe amount of branching (number of (α1→6) glycosidic bonds) in amylopectin can be determined by the following procedure. A sample of amylopectin is exhaustively methylated—treated with a methylating agent (methyl iodide) that replaces the hydrogen of every sugar hydroxyl witha methyl group, converting —OH to —OCH3 . All the glycosidic bonds in the treated sample are then hydrolyzed in aqueous acid, and the amount of 2,3-di-O-methylglucose so formed is determined.(a) Explain the basis of this procedure for determining the number of (α1→6) branch points in amylopectin. What happens to the unbranched glucose residues in amylopectin during the methylation and hydrolysis procedure?(b) A 258 mg sample of amylopectin treated as described above yielded 12.4 mg of 2,3-di-O-methylglucose. Determine what percentage of the glucose residues in the amylopectin contained an (α1→6) branch. (Assume that the average molecular weight of a glucose residue in amylopectin is 162 g/mol.)arrow_forwardUse the two Fischer projections shown below to draw the Haworth projection of these two sugars linked by an a(1-2) linkage, with the ß isoform of the ketohexose. H H ㅎ HO H H OH OH ОН Н НО CH₂OH 애,애애 OH CH₂OH OH H OH OH OH I OH CH₂OH OH OH OH Eng са CH2OH CH2OH OH OH ОН ОН CH₂OH Н OH Н Н OH Н T I CH₂OH CH₂OH OH OH OH CH₂OH CH₂OH Н CH₂OH CH₂OH ОН OH OH НО OH H Н OH CH₂OHarrow_forward
- Does gentiobiose (Problem 20.66) have an acetal grouping? A hemiacetal grouping? Do you expect gentiobiose to be a reducing or nonreducing sugar? How would you classify the linkage (x or β and carbon numbers) between the two monosaccharides?arrow_forwardD-Talose is a C2 epimer of D-galactose. Using the Fischer projection structure, draw the product of reaction of D-talose with the given reagent or enzyme and write the systematic name of the product. 1. NaBH₁ 4.2,4-DNP 2. Reaction with oxidase to form the alduronic acid 3. Reaction with kinase at C3 5. Reaction with aminotransferase and then acetyltransferase at C4arrow_forwardRaffinose is a trisaccharide and a minor constituent in sugar beets. (a) Is raffinose a reducing sugar?Explain. (b) What are the monosaccharides that compose raffinose ? (c) β - Galactosidase is an enzyme that will remove galactose residues from an oligosaccharide. What are the products of β - galactosidase treatment of raffinose ?arrow_forward
- All sugar residues are in their D-isomeric forms. What kind of glycosidic linkage is between the first and second residues? What kind of glycosidic linkage is between the third and second residues?arrow_forwardWhich of an alpha-D-2,3-di-O-methylglucopyranose or alpha-D-2,3, 6-tri-O-methylglucopyranose represents a glucose unit in glycogen which was originally carrying an (alpha 1-->6) glycosidic bond?arrow_forwardWhat sugar is produced by the epimerization of galactose?arrow_forward
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