EBK LIFE: THE SCIENCE OF BIOLOGY
11th Edition
ISBN: 8220103935432
Author: Sadava
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Chapter 20.3, Problem 3R
Summary Introduction
To review:
The possible reason for the deviation of the genotypic or
Introduction:
The Hardy–Weinberg principle suggests that the genotypic frequency remains constant unless the population is acted upon by the evolutionary forces. Based on the principle, there are two equations, which can be used to calculate the genotypic and the allele frequency in a population. These equations are based on the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium.
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The following data were obtained from a Ghanaian population of 152 people.
Blood Type
Number of Individuals
M
61
MN
64
N
27
Calculate the frequencies of the M and N alleles in this population.
What are the expected numbers of individuals of each genotypic class in this population? Assume Hardy-Weinberg conditions.
Use the chi-squared test to determine if these data fit the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium model.
The degrees of freedom for this test should be 1. Why is this appropriate?
The next several questions refer to the data given in this problem.
You sample a population of leafhoppers and genotype 250 individuals at a polymorphic locus with two alleles. You obtain the following numbers:
AA = 68 individuals
Aa = 54 individuals
aa = 128 individuals
what is the expected frequency with the aa genotype if the population is in hardy weinberg equilibrium (you may round your answer to the nearest whole number)
Which of the following statements is supported, based on the data? (Check all that apply)
1.) The population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
2.) The population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and the cause may be inbreeding.
3.) The population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and the cause may be selection favoring heterozygotes.
4.) The population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equibrium, and the cause may be population structure (in other words, the population we sampled actually may actually consist of two or more subpopulations that are at least…
Suppose the frequency of the recessive allele a for the recessive condition albinism is 0.2
Assume the Hardy-Weinberg distribution.
What is the frequency of albinism in the general population?
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Chapter 20 Solutions
EBK LIFE: THE SCIENCE OF BIOLOGY
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- You sample a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) population for the alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) gene. There are two alleles, designated A₁ and A2, for this locus in this population. The data you collected is shown in this table (this is your observed data). Is this population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium at this locus? To save you time, I have calculated the expected number of individuals for each genotype and included them in the table. For your answer, you should provide: • an answer to the question: Is this population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for this locus? • the value of your chi-square result you based this answer on (you do not have to show your calculations for the homework, but you would on an exam) • (if you say the population is NOT in HW equilibrium) an evaluation of which genotype(s) are more or less common than expected in the observed population # individuals genotype A₁A₁ # individuals genotype A₁A2 # individuals genotype A₂A2 154 117 Observed data Expected data…arrow_forwardYou perform a chi-square test to compare observed and expected values and obtain a chi-square value of 9.4 with 3 degrees of freedom. What do you conclude? it is not likely that the difference between observed and expected values is due to random chance, since p>0.05 it is impossible to conclude anything from this information it is likely that the difference between observed and expected values is due to random chance, since p>0.05 it is likely that the difference between observed and expected values is due to random chance, since p<0.05 the experiment was done incorrectly and must be repeated it is not likely that the difference between observed and expected values is due to random chance, since p<0.05arrow_forwardA population of dragons is as follows: 46 are green with genotype GG 106 are green with genotype Gg 56 are red with genotype gg Is this population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? Assume 1 degree of freedom for your chi-square test.arrow_forward
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