EBK HUMAN ANATOMY
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780100799554
Author: Martini
Publisher: YUZU
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Textbook Question
Chapter 21, Problem 13RFT
Which of the following is not true of intercalated discs?
(a) They provide additional strength from cells bound together by tight junctions.
(b) They have a smooth junction between the plasma membrnaes of apposed muscle cells.
(c) Myofibrils of the interlocking muscle fibers are anchored at the membrane.
(d) The cardiac muscle fibers at the intercalated discs are connected by gap junctions.
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2) List the names of the two major Contractile Proteins. Which of the proteins is "bound" and "anchored" to the cell membrane? The other protein essentially "floats" within the ctyoplasm; which contractile protein "floats".
3) Contractions in a muscle cell (or fiber) is always stimulated and intiated by a rapid rise in intrallcellular calcium. Write a brief paragraph or two explaining the differences in the sources of Contraction- causing-Calcium within the 3 different muscle-cell types.
20) which of following is true regarding skeletal muscle cells?
a) All of these are properties of skeletal muscle cells
b) they are striated
c) they have many mitochondria
d) they contain multiple nuclei
A)Fill in the blanks below regarding sarcomeres:
In a sarcomere, thin filaments are composed of................. proteins while thick filaments are composed of.................. proteins.
The H-band/zone of a sarcomere contains only........................ filaments.
Before a muscle contraction, calcium ions are stored in the .................. that surrounds the sarcomere.
When released, calcium binds to................. proteins to displace them so myosin can bind to actin.
Chapter 21 Solutions
EBK HUMAN ANATOMY
Ch. 21 - Prob. 1RFTCh. 21 - Prob. 2RFTCh. 21 - Prob. 3RFTCh. 21 - Prob. 4RFTCh. 21 - Prob. 5RFTCh. 21 - Match each numbered item with the most closely...Ch. 21 - Prob. 7RFTCh. 21 - Prob. 8RFTCh. 21 - Prob. 9RFTCh. 21 - Match each numbered item with the most closely...
Ch. 21 - Prob. 11RFTCh. 21 - Prob. 12RFTCh. 21 - Which of the following is not true of intercalated...Ch. 21 - Prob. 14RFTCh. 21 - The pacemaker cells of the heart are located in...Ch. 21 - Prob. 16RFTCh. 21 - Prob. 1RCCh. 21 - If the papillary muscles fail to contract, (a)...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3RCCh. 21 - Prob. 4RCCh. 21 - Prob. 5RCCh. 21 - Define a pacemaker cell, and list the group of...Ch. 21 - Prob. 7RCCh. 21 - Prob. 8RCCh. 21 - Why are nodal cells unique? What is their...Ch. 21 - What is the effect of NE release on cardiac...Ch. 21 - Prob. 1CTCh. 21 - 2. Lee is brought to the emergency room suffering...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3CT
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- Which of the following regions of a sarcomere at rest is characterized by the presence of myosin only? a) A band b) H zone c) I band d) Z linearrow_forwardLarge muscle fibers that are multinucleated, striated, and voluntary are found in (a) cardiac muscle tissue. (b) skeletal muscle tissue. (c) smooth muscle tissue. (d) a, b, and c are correct.arrow_forwardWhat type of cells sit outside the sarcolemma of a muscle fiber but below the basement membrane of the muscle fiber and retain their ability to divide? a.) Myoblasts b.) Myostatin cells c.) Myotubes d.) Satellite cellsarrow_forward
- A typical relaxed sarcomere is about 2.3 um in length and contracts to about 2 um in length. Within the sarcomere, the thin filaments are about 1 um long and the thick filaments are about 1.5 um long. (a) Describe the overlap of thick and thin filaments in the relaxed and con- tracted sarcomere. (b) An individual "step" by a myosin head in one cycle pulls the thin fila- ment about 15 nm. How many steps must each actin fiber make in one contraction?arrow_forward28) the large protein that attaches to myosin and stabilizes it when the sarcomere shortens is: a) M line b) H zone c) I band d) A bandarrow_forwardIf a muscle cell had very short T-tubules, how much tension would the muscle fiber create, relative to a normal muscle fiber? Assume sarcoplasmic reticulum can still react to activity at the neuromuscular junction. a)Less tension would be created. b) No difference in tension creation. c) More tension would be created. d) No tension would be created.arrow_forward
- Which type of myosin is found in contractile bundles?arrow_forwardWhen Skeletal muscle contracts an arrangement of the alternating light and dark bands traversing each skeletal muscle cell changes. Which of the following statements is not correct. (Select one answer) (a) The dark A bands will remain a constant length(b) The space occupied by the H zone will not change(c) The light I bands will shorten(d) The z lines come closer together(e) The I band consists solely of thin actin filamentsarrow_forwardSkeletal muscle has several distinct fiber types. Type I is used primarily for aerobic activity, whereas type IIb is specialized for short, intense bursts of activity. How could you distinguish between these types of muscle fiber if you viewed them with an electron microscope?arrow_forward
- Which fiber type would be the most useful in the leg muscles of a long-distance runner? (a) fast glycolytic, (b) slow glycolytic, (c) fast oxidative.arrow_forwardIn muscle cells, magnesium ions compete with calcium ions for binding sites on troponin molecules. If a person has too high a concentration of magnesium ions in the blood, magnesium ions can prevent calcium ions from binding troponin. A) What effect would this have on muscle contraction (strengthen, weaken, or no effect)? B) Use your knowledge of how muscle fibers contract to explain your answer in part A.arrow_forwardIn 2013, Zach Bitter set a new record for running a 100 mile Ultra-Marathon in less than 12 hours. (Holy smokes!!!) If we were to look at the composition of his skeletal muscles (particularly in his legs), we would likely find a greater proportion of: A)Type I Fibers b)Type IIX Fibers Creatine phosphate can supply the phosphate for conversion of ADP into ATP. The enzyme needed for this to occur is: A)creatine kinase B)creatine hydrolase C)adenylate cyclase D)adenylate phosphatasearrow_forward
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