Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305112100
Author: Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 21, Problem 4SQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is the genetic material of some viruses and is involved in transcription, translation, gene regulation in prokaryotes, archaea, and eukaryotes. A class of RNA is messenger RNA (mRNA).
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What is the role of transcription in the determination of the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide chain?
A.
It pairs anticodons and codons.
B.
It synthesizes an mRNA strand.
C.
It duplicates the information in DNA.
D.
It decodes the information from mRNA.
Treating a cell with a drug to stop tRNA from doing its job would mean what?
A. that ribosomes would fall apart
B. that sugars would not be added to proteins
C. that nothing would be available to translate
D. that amino acids would not be brought to the growing protein
Ribosomal RNA ____________________.
a. Carries amino acids to the ribosome
b. Carries information from the DNA to the ribosome
c. Helps make up the ribosome
d. Carries oxygen to cells
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- Use your genetic code (codon) table to answer the next two questions: What type of mutation would result if the sequence of a gene were altered so that the sequence of the mRNA was changed from: AUGCCGUGCAGUAAC to AUGCCAUGCAGUAAC A) a silent mutation B) a nonsense mutation C) a frame-shift mutation D) a missense mutation E) a base insertion mutationarrow_forwardSelect the best answer or answers from the choices given: If DNA has a sequence of AAA, then a segment of mRNA synthesized on it will have a sequence of (a) TTT, (b) UUU, (c) GGG, (d) CCC.arrow_forwardWhich molecule contains the genetic code? A. rDNA B. rRNA C.Ribosome D. mRNA E. tRNAarrow_forward
- DNA is a chemical that cells use to store information. Describe how information is encoded in DNA, and what this information actually represents.arrow_forward______ molecules deliver amino acids to the site of protein synthesis. a. DNA b. mRNA c. rRNA d. tRNAarrow_forwardThe information a cell needs to function is found on the DNA molecule in the form of a. multiple combinations of unknown chemicals. b. RNA subgroups. c. a spiral helix. d. four bases and the order in which they appear.arrow_forward
- Muscle cells differ from nerve cells mainly because they(A) express different genes.(B) contain different genes.(C) use different genetic codes.(D) have unique ribosomes.arrow_forwardWhich statement BEST DESCRIBES the genetic code? A. There can only be one codon for multiple amino acids. B. There are only 10 different amino acids in proteins. C. More than one codon for a specific amino acid. D. The genetic is misinterpreted to have U instead of T.arrow_forwardWhy was the cold ethanol added to the soap and salt mixture? A To digest the cell walls B To dissolve the RNA C To emulsify lipids and remove large cellular debris D To precipitate the DNA E To denature the cytoplasmic proteinsarrow_forward
- Define the following terms: a. DNA b. RNA c. genome d. transcription e. fructosearrow_forwardThe RNA components of ribosomes are synthesized in the _____. a. cytoplasm b. nucleus c. nucleolus d. endoplasmic reticulumarrow_forwardEnergy that drives translation is provided mainly by ______ . a. ATP c. GTP b. amino acids d. ribosomesarrow_forward
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