Loose-leaf Version for What Is Life? A Guide to Biology 4E & LaunchPad for What is Life? A Guide to Biology 4E (Twelve Month Access)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781319154639
Author: Jay Phelan
Publisher: W.H. Freeman & Co
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Question
Chapter 21, Problem 5SA
Summary Introduction
To analyze:
The possible consequence of damage to the glial cells.
Introduction:
Glial cells are the cells that nourish and support neurons.
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1. If you block calcium channels on an axon, which will not occur?
A) exocytosis of neurotransmitter
B) repolarization phase of the action potential
C) depolarization phase of the action potential
D) hyperpolarization phase of the action potential
E) graded potential
Which of the following statements about action potentials and information transmission in the synaptic cleft is FALSE?
1. Action potentials determine the amount of neurotransmitters that are released into the synaptic cleft
2.Action potentials ultimately result in more calcium leaving the target cell at the postsynaptic membrane
3. Action potentials determine the duration that neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft
4. Action potentials ultimately result in more calcium entering the neuron at the axon terminal
a) How does E allow faster transmission of signals?
b) What would happen if G has a lack of Calcium?
c) Most neurons have the style of junction (chemical) shown in the diagram, rather than gap (electrical) junctions. Why does this make sense?
Chapter 21 Solutions
Loose-leaf Version for What Is Life? A Guide to Biology 4E & LaunchPad for What is Life? A Guide to Biology 4E (Twelve Month Access)
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- What is the most important determiner of whether axons within a nerve/nerve root will regrow?arrow_forwardAn action potential is considered an "all or nothing" event. What does this mean? Explain using the picture below to discuss what happens during each event. Use the letters in the diagram to match the events. +40- В -C 0- -40- E -60- -80- A 1 3 4 Time (msec) MAR 15 w MacBook Air 888 F2 F3 F4 F5 F7 FB F10 %23 24 & 3 4 6 8 %3D E T Y P 11 C V M command option Membrane potential (mV) .. ..arrow_forwardIdentify and describe the events that occur after injury to aPNS axon.arrow_forward
- Some faculty dislike teaching lecture classes after lunch, complaining that the students do not pay attention at this time. From a physiologic viewpoint, what is happening to these students?arrow_forwardCystic fibrosis is a degenerative disease that causes the progressive breakdown of the myelin sheaths around the axons of neurons. Which of the following best describes the likely effect of cystic fibrosis on neuronal function? A B C D an inhibition in the release of neurotransmitters at the synaptic terminal a decrease in the conduction speed of the action potential along neuronal axons an unstoppable generation of action potential in affected neurons an inhibition in the generation of action potentials at neuronal dendritesarrow_forwardWhat do you mean by mixed nerves?arrow_forward
- Which of the following is the role of axonal Calcium (Ca2+) channels in neuronal communication at the synapse? a) they inhibit the action potential causing it to stop b) Calcium channels have no role in this process c) by allowing calcium to exit the cell, they promote the propagation of action potential across the synapse by creating depolarization d) by blocking calcium entrance, they mediate the contraction of presynaptic axon to facilitate movement e) when they open, calcium enters the presynaptic terminal, promoting fusion of neurotransmitter vesicles with presynaptic membrane, and release of neurotransmitters to the synaptic cleftarrow_forwardWhat characteristic makes glial cells different from neurons?arrow_forwardPlease answer question 35arrow_forward
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