ND STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY LOOSELEAF GENETICS: FROM GENES TO GENOMES
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781260406092
Author: HARTWELL, Leland, HOOD, Leroy, Goldberg, Michael
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education/stony Brook University
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 22, Problem 17P
Among the most prevalent pathologies that afflict human beings is heart disease, which can have a severe impact on quality of life and can even result in premature death. While heart disease mostly afflicts those who are older, 1% or 2% of people in their 30s, and even in their 20s, suffer from this disease. Genetic and environmental components of this disease exist. What strategy might you use to choose families to participate in a GWAS of heart disease-causing genes? Explain your reasoning.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Researchers in search of loci in the human genome that arelikely to contribute to the constellation of factors leading tohypertension have compared candidate loci in humans and rats[Stoll, M., et al. (2000). New Target Regions for Human Hypertensionvia Comparative Genomics. Genome Res. 10:473–482].Through this research, they identified 26 chromosomal regionsthat they consider likely to contain hypertension genes. Howcan comparative genomics aid in the identification of genesresponsible for such a complex human disease? The researchersstate that comparisons of rat and human candidate loci tothose in the mouse may help validate their studies. Why mightthis be so?
A woman has her personal genome analyzed for the BRCA1 mutation after learning that her father is heterozygous and carries one mutant allele. What is her chance of
inheriting the mutant allele from her father?
0: men cannot transmit genes affecting breast cancer.
25%
50%
75%
100%
Among the progeny of a heterozygous round (Aa) x homozygous wrinkled ( aa) cross, three seeds are chosen at random. What is the probability that all three seeds are
round?
(1/4)3
1/4
(1/2) 3
1/2
A single gene can produce different proteins.
True
False
A series of people are found to have difficulty eliminating certain types of drugs from their bloodstreams. The problem has been linked to a gene X, which encodes an enzyme Y. Six people were tested with the use of various techniques of molecular biology. Person A is a normal control, person B is asymptomatic but some of his children have the metabolic problem, and persons C through F display the trait. Tissue samples from each person were obtained. Southern analysis was performed on the DNA after digestion with the restriction enzyme Hin dIII. Northern analysis of mRNA also was done. In both types of analysis, the gels were probed with labeled X cDNA. Finally, a western blot with an enzyme-linked monoclonal antibody was used to test for the presence of protein Y. The results are shown here. Why is person B without symptoms? Suggest possible defects in the other people.
Chapter 22 Solutions
ND STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY LOOSELEAF GENETICS: FROM GENES TO GENOMES
Ch. 22 - Choose the best matching phrase in the right...Ch. 22 - Suppose you grew genetically identical dandelion...Ch. 22 - How can each of the following be used in...Ch. 22 - Two different groups of scientists studying a rare...Ch. 22 - Which of the following statements would be true of...Ch. 22 - Studies have indicated that for pairs of twins...Ch. 22 - Prob. 7PCh. 22 - Prob. 8PCh. 22 - Table 22.2 lists concordance values for MZ and DZ...Ch. 22 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 22 - Prob. 11PCh. 22 - Two alleles at one locus produce three distinct...Ch. 22 - In a certain plant, leaf size is determined by...Ch. 22 - Compare and contrast the use of SNP genotyping: i...Ch. 22 - Explain the similarities and differences between...Ch. 22 - In Fig. 22.14c, the fw2.2 causal gene was...Ch. 22 - Among the most prevalent pathologies that afflict...Ch. 22 - Human geneticists have found the Finnish...Ch. 22 - Canavan disease, caused by homozygosity for a...Ch. 22 - In GWAS analysis, because of the existence of LD...Ch. 22 - In Fig. 22.15: a. Why do some chromosomes in the...Ch. 22 - Consider the triangle diagram shown in Fig. 22.17....Ch. 22 - Prob. 23PCh. 22 - You conduct a Case/Control study comparing the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 25PCh. 22 - ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a rare, fatal...Ch. 22 - Through GWAS explorations, scientists have...Ch. 22 - In domesticated dogs, size has a high...Ch. 22 - Suppose a GWAS investigation found a particular LD...Ch. 22 - In 2008, Time magazine named as its invention of...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- What are the different genetic markers that genome-wide association studies (GWAS) employ? How can scientists use this data to calculate the disease risk associated with each variation?arrow_forwardAPOE gene has been found to be a major contributor to sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD), by acting as an age-of-onset modifier for the common relatively late-onset forms of the disease. Among four alleles causing early onset of AD, the epsilon4 allele (APOE4) disrupts this function. If you generate transgenic monkeys in which the normal allele of APOE gene is knocked out, what phenotype will you expect for those knockout monkeys? A. The APE mRNA expression will be completely suppressed. B. They slow down the development of AD. C. They develop AD early. D. They don't show any AD symptom.arrow_forwardAre changes that cause high FST found equally across the genome? What areas of the genome would be most affected? Whyarrow_forward
- What genetic model of an organism is the most ideal? And why is it an ideal model in genetics?arrow_forwardTwo parents are healthy carriers of the mutations that cause sickle-cell disease and cystic fibrosis. What fraction of their children will have sickle cell disease and cystic fibrosis. The genes that cause the two diseases are unlinked. 9/16 3/16 1/16 1/4 3/4 1/2 Nextarrow_forwardFor a particular gene, homozygous dominant AA and heterozygous Aa individuals produce green pigment, while homozygous recessive aa individuals produce yellow pigment. During the course of your research you discover the a1 allele that contains a class IlI transposon insertion. Allele A is dominant to a1. Which genotype is capable of producing a mixture of green and yellow pigment?arrow_forward
- The human MN blood group is determined by alleles (M and N) of a single gene that code for twO specific markers found on the surface of red blood cells. These alleles show a codominant pattern of expression. Blood typing of one family shows that the offspring all have the genotype MN. What are the most probable genotypes of the parents in this family? A)MM and NN B)ONN and MN C)MN and MN D)MM and MNarrow_forwardIn your attempts to identify a genetic basis for rheumatoid arthritis in humans, you have DNA samples from three large unrelated families in which individuals with varying severity of rheumatoid arthritis are found. From your analysis of various SNPs, you find that the same four unlinked loci consistently show a correlation with the most severe cases from all three families. Based on your observations, which of the following hypotheses best describes the genetic control of rheumatoid arthritis? ос Rheumatoid arthritis is the result of phenocopy by the environment Different genes regulate the disease in different families Rheumatoid arthritis is controlled by a single X-linked recessive trait Rheumatoid arthritis is controlled by polygenic (or quantitative) traits Rheumatoid arthritis is controlled by a single autosomal dominant traitarrow_forwardA 20-year-old woman comes to your genetic counselling center because she knows that Huntington disease occurs in members of her family. Huntington is an autosomal dominant disease that often becomes apparent around 35–40 years of age. Her paternal grandfather was afflicted, but so far her 41 year old father shows no symptoms. Her two great-great grandmothers on her father's side were healthy well into their 90s, and one of her great-great grandfathers died of unknown causes at 45. Testing for Huntington disease is extremely expensive, but she is concerned that she may fall victim to this disease and wants to plan her life accordingly. After examining her pedigree you advise her to: not get tested because her father is only a carrier and it is very unlikely her mother is a carrier. not get tested because there is no possibility that she is homozygous. get tested because her father could be a carrier. not get tested because only males in her family get the disease. not get tested…arrow_forward
- Diamond–Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a rare, dominant genetic disorder characterized by bone marrow malfunction, birth defects, and a predisposition to certain cancers. Infants with DBA usually develop anemia in the first year of life, have lower than normal production of red blood cells in their bone marrow, and have a high risk of developing leukemia and bone cancer. At the molecular level, DBA is caused by mutations in any one of 10 genes that encode ribosomal proteins. The first-line therapy for DBA is steroid treatment, but more than half of affected children develop resistance to the drugs and in these cases, treatment is halted. DBA can be treated successfully with bone marrow or stem cell transplants from donors with closely matching immune system markers. Trans- plants from unrelated donors have significant levels of complications and mortality. QUESTIONS: 1. Given that a faulty ribosomal protein is the culprit and causes DBA, discuss the possible role of normal ribosomal…arrow_forwardDiamond–Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a rare, dominant genetic disorder characterized by bone marrow malfunction, birth defects, and a predisposition to certain cancers. Infants with DBA usually develop anemia in the first year of life, have lower than normal production of red blood cells in their bone marrow, and have a high risk of developing leukemia and bone cancer. At the molecular level, DBA is caused by mutations in any one of 10 genes that encode ribosomal proteins. The first-line therapy for DBA is steroid treatment, but more than half of affected children develop resistance to the drugs and in these cases, treatment is halted. DBA can be treated successfully with bone marrow or stem cell transplants from donors with closely matching immune system markers. Trans- plants from unrelated donors have significant levels of complications and mortality. 1. Given that a faulty ribosomal protein is the culprit and causes DBA, discuss the possible role of normal ribosomal proteins. Why might…arrow_forwardWhich of the following best explains how individuals who inherit phenylketonuria alleles can avoid the symptoms of this disease (mental impairment, foul smelling urine)? It exhibits variable expressivity. The expression of this disease depends on the environment. If the individual removes phenylalanine from their diet they can avoid the disease entirely. PKU alleles are epistatic to alleles of another gene, which acts downstream in phenylalanine metabolism. These individuals supplement their diets with enzymes that break-down phenylalanine.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSON
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
Mitochondrial mutations; Author: Useful Genetics;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GvgXe-3RJeU;License: CC-BY