Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The validation of the given statement that the three phases of protein synthesis are transcription, translation and transformation has to be stated.
Concept Introduction:
The process by which generation of new proteins in a cell takes place is known as protein synthesis. It consists of two phases, that is, transcription and translation. DNA molecules undergo transcription to yield RNA which in turn undergoes translation to form proteins.
(b)
Interpretation:
The validation of the given statement that translation precedes transcription in protein synthesis has to be stated.
Concept Introduction:
The process by which generation of new proteins in a cell takes place is known as protein synthesis. It consists of two stages, that is, transcription and translation. DNA molecules undergo transcription to yield RNA which in turn undergoes translation to form proteins.
(c)
Interpretation:
The validation of the given statement that RNA is the starting material for protein synthesis has to be stated.
Concept Introduction:
The process by which generation of new proteins in a cell takes place is known as protein synthesis. It consists of two stages, that is, transcription and translation. DNA molecules undergo transcription to yield RNA which in turn undergoes translation to form proteins.
(d)
Interpretation:
The validation of the given statement that the transcription phase of protein synthesis converts DNA to RNA has to be stated.
Concept Introduction:
The process by which generation of new proteins in a cell takes place is known as protein synthesis. It consists of two stages, that is, transcription and translation. DNA molecules undergo transcription to yield RNA which in turn undergoes translation to form proteins.
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Chapter 22 Solutions
GENERAL,ORGANIC,+BIO.CHEM.-MINDTAP
- Determine the effect of the following mutations on the DNA sequence. In each case, the mutation is described after the sequence. Guanine nucleotide (G shown in red in the DNA sequence below) was substituted by C Write out the sequence of the mutated DNA and the protein made from it. What is the effect of this mutation on the protein? (For example, how will the mutation affect the length and sequence of the protein? What about the function of the protein?)arrow_forwardDetermine the effect of the following mutations on the DNA sequence. In each case, the mutation is described after the sequence. Guanine nucleotide (G shown in red in the DNA sequence below) was substituted by C Write out the sequence of the mutated DNA and the protein made from it. What is the effect of this mutation on the protein? (For example, how will the mutation affect the length and sequence of the protein? What about the function of the protein?) 3' TACATGGTTGTGCTAATT 5' Carrow_forwardSelect the best answer or answers from the choices given: If DNA has a sequence of AAA, then a segment of mRNA synthesized on it will have a sequence of (a) TTT, (b) UUU, (c) GGG, (d) CCC.arrow_forward
- A.) There is no change in the DNA sequence if nucleotides are added or removed, it will have no effect to the cell. B.) Mutations in the DNA sequence are all irreversible. A. Statement A is correct B. Statement B is correct C. Both A and B are correct D. Both A and B are incorrectarrow_forwardFor each of the following, identify the type of RNA involved (mRNA, rRNA, or tRNA). a. Transports the correct amino acid to the ribosome, using the information encoded in the mRNA. b. Is a major component of ribosomes. c. Specifies the order of amino acids in a protein, using a series of three-base codons, where different amino acids are specified by particular codons. d. Contains a three-base anticodon that pairs with a complementary codon revealed in the mRNA. e. Assists in making the bonds that link amino acids together to make a protein.arrow_forward16) PROTEIN SYNTHESIS: A) Describe the process of protein synthesis. Be sure to use transcription and translation in your answer (and explain the parts involved in each process) B) Why is RNA transcription a necessary process?arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the nucleo-cytoplasmic interaction? * A. Nuclear genes control metabolic processes occuring in the cytoplasm. B. Molecules in the cytoplasm cannot influence expression of genes in the nucleus. C. Cytoplasmic transplantation experiments have provided evidence for the validity of this concept. D. Molecules can move from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, but not from the cytoplasm into the nucleus.arrow_forwardd) Name X and state how it functions in a protein synthesis. e) Give three differences between molecules X and Y.arrow_forwardName the two phases of protein synthesis and describe the roles of DNA, mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA in each phase.arrow_forward
- Answer the following questions: 1.) In your own words, describe the different steps in prorein synthesis. 2.) In your own words, discuss the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis.arrow_forwardA.) DNA encodes for the cell genome and is therefore a permanent copy to have a functioning cell. B.)Different changes to the structure of messenger RNA can cause mutations and genomic instability which could lead to abnormal cells in the body. a. Statement A is correct b. Statement B is correct c. Both A and B are correct d. Both A and B are incorrectarrow_forwardPlease consider the figure below. a. Give the name of the process illustrated in the figure. b. If this is part of the elongation stage, explain what is going to happen next. Use the labels, A, B and/or C to answer the question. c. What type of enzyme is involved in the process described in (b)? d. What terminus of the protein is represented by label A?arrow_forward
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