Campbell Biology In Focus
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134203072
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 22, Problem 3TYU
According to the punctuated equilibria model,
- A. natural selection is unimportant as a mechanism of evolution.
- B. given enough time, most existing species will branch gradually into new species.
- C. most evolution occurs in sympatric populations.
- D. most new species accumulate their unique features relatively rapidly as they come into existence, then change little for the rest of their duration as a species.
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Which of the following conclusions are MOST likely to be supported by genetic evidence? A. Some modern-day organisms did not exist in the past. B. Some organisms found in the fossil record do not currently exist. C. Environmental change affected the fitness of individuals differently based on their traits. D. Some disease-causing traits may remain in a population because their alleles provide an advantage to heterozygotes.
Which of the following statement about the outcome of the evolution of a new species through hybridization is false?
a.The new species may have traits that allow it to inhibit environments different from both parental species.
b.The new species is always an intermediate of the two parental species
c.The new species may have greater genetic diversity and greater trait diversity than the parental species.
d.None of the above
What are the two ways of looking into evolution in detail?
a.Micro frequency change and ascent with modification
b.Genotypic and phenotypic modification
c.DNA frequency change and inheritance modification
d.Allele frequency change and descent with modification
Natural selection increases the frequencies of advantageous alleles and decreases deleterious alleles' frequencies. What are the three categories of natural selection depending on the favored traits?
a.Directive, selective and native
b.Indicative, normative and fixative
c.Directional, stabilizing and…
Which of the following statements is false?
a.
Gradual speciation is most likely to occur in a large population that lives in a stable climate.
b.
Punctuated equilibrium is unlikely to occur in a large population that lives in a stable climate.
c.
Gradual speciation and punctuated equilibrium both result in the divergence of species.
d.
Gradual speciation is most likely to occur in a small population that experiences a rapid change in its environment.
Chapter 22 Solutions
Campbell Biology In Focus
Ch. 22.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 22.1 - WHAT IF? Suppose you are studying two bird species...Ch. 22.2 - Contrast allopatric and sympatric speciation....Ch. 22.2 - WHAT IF? Is allopatric speciation more likely to...Ch. 22.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Review the process of meiosis in...Ch. 22.3 - What are hybrid zones, and why can they be viewed...Ch. 22.3 - WHAT IF? Consider two species that diverged while...Ch. 22.4 - Speciation can occur rapidly between diverging...Ch. 22.4 - Summarize evidence that the yup flower-color locus...Ch. 22.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Compare Figure 10.11 with Figure...
Ch. 22 - The largest unit within which gene flow can...Ch. 22 - Males of different species of the fruit fly...Ch. 22 - According to the punctuated equilibria model, A....Ch. 22 - Bird guides once listed the myrtle warbler and...Ch. 22 - Which of the following factors would not...Ch. 22 - Plant species A has a diploid number of 12. Plant...Ch. 22 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY DRAW IT In this chapter, you...Ch. 22 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY In the United...Ch. 22 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION Explain the biological basis...Ch. 22 - FOCUS ON INFORMATION In sexually reproducing...Ch. 22 - Prob. 11TYU
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- Alfred Russel Wallace and Charles Darwin argued that evolution by means of natural selection involves all of the following steps except: a. variation is present in all species b. species can produce more offspring than the environment can sustain c. all individuals within a species have equal chances to improve their fitness d. those individuals that are more fit will survive and reproduce in the greatest numbers e. over time, the species will evolve as the more fit individuals replace the less fit individualsarrow_forwardWhat is true about evolution by natural selection? a. It is a largely random process. b. Homology shows that convergence is a useful tool for deducing adaptive function. c. Mothers are invariably members of the same species as their offspring, so selection can never create new species. d. Harmful recessive genes are eliminated more rapidly than harmful dominant genes. e. None of the above is true.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not a component of evolution bynatural selection?a. Variation exists within a population.b. Organisms compete for resources.c. Individuals have different reproductive success.d. Organisms adapt due to environmental changes.e. Species are fixed.arrow_forward
- Which of the following most accurately describes mutations? a. They typically have immediate and impactful evolutionary effects on populations. b. They are required for all populations to evolve. c. They are always deleterious. d. They occur so infrequently that most populations to harbor very little variation.arrow_forwardTry to outline a scenario explaining the evolution of the three species shown in panel g. Use migration, mutation, genetic drift, selection, reproductive isolation, gene flow, extinction, and many generations in your scenario. Based on your scenario, what are the components that are necessary in a population in order for it to split or diverge into two new daughter species from a single ancestor (the parent species)?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true? O A. Chance and random events only influence the evolutionary process in small populations. O B. Chance and random events can influence the evolutionary process in all populations, but especially in small ones. O C. Chance and random events play no role in the evolutionary process. O D. Chance and random events influence the evolutionary process in all populations in the form of natural selection. SUBMITarrow_forward
- In nature, when a lone male lion encounters a pride (a group of lions with a male leader), the two males will often fight to become head of the pride. It has been documented that if the foreign lion wins the battle, he will usually kill the offspring of the weaker lion’s pride. This natural selection process best describes; Select one: a. Fitness within species b. Bottleneck effect c. Macroevolution d. Microevolution e. Speciationarrow_forwardThe most accurate definition of biological evolution from the following is... a. extinction and speciation b. the change in allele frequencies over time c. survival of the fittest d. the origin of new speciesarrow_forwardCheck all of the following that are true: a. Mutation alone is a weak force of evolution. b. Only small populations evolve by genetic drift. c. Selection is always the strongest force of evolution a population can experience. d. Overdominance occurs when there is disruptive selection favoring the homozygotes. e. It is easier to purge a population of dominant deleterious alleles compared to recessive deleterious alleles. f. Populations may change a lot or a little when migration occurs depending on how different the populations are. g. Nonrandom mating in the form of inbreeding is not considered a true evolutionary force. h. Drift and migration can offset or counterbalance the effects of selection in a population.arrow_forward
- Researchers have found fossils of Eocene horse species in Colorado. Deeper deposits contain smaller species, and more recent deposits contain larger species. How does this observation support the theory of evolution? A. It provides evidence that species change over time. B. It does not support the theory of evolution. C. It shows that all species are related to each other. D. It proves that environments have changed over time. E. It suggests that species are unchanging and of recent origin.arrow_forwardWhich of the following most likely demonstrates that classification is the basis of evolutionary relatedness? A. Organisms that share similar characteristics are impliedly understood to have common ancestors, thus having an evolutionary relationship. B. Classification is to organize organisms into groups based on their differences and similarities and evolutionary history, so as evolution changes, classification will also change C. Classification based on evolutionary relatedness always infer that all organisms that evolved similarly shares the same history. D. Homologous structures among organisms depicts the same evolutionary history or paths.arrow_forwardA. Genetic drift refers to a. change in the way the body functions as a result of stressors. b. changes in the DNA sequence, particularly in sex cells. c. random changes or accidents that reduce genetic variation in a population. B. All human cultures a. can be correlated with "races" in the past. b. are unchanging and eternal. c. can be ranked as "primitive" or "advanced". d. are integrated and complex. d. exchange of genes when outsiders migrate into an area.arrow_forward
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