Chapter 23, Problem 23.14QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The functional group present in the given set of compounds has to be identified and named.

Concept Introduction:

In an organic compound, the reactive portion is known as functional group.  This undergoes reactions with other reagents and this does not depend upon how the rest of the compound is like.  Few of the common functional groups are alcohol, ester, carboxylic acid, ketone, aldehyde etc.  Functional group determines the nature of the compound.

To Identify and Name: The functional group present in the given compounds.

Answer to Problem 23.14QP

The functional group present in the given compound is identified as carbonyl group and it is named as ketone.

Explanation of Solution

By looking at the formula of the given compound we can identify that a carbonyl group is present in it.  The carbonyl group is the functional group in this compound.  As the carbonyl group is attached to two alkyl groups namely, methyl group, the compound falls under the category of ketone.  The functional group is highlighted in red colour as shown.

${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{COCH}}_{\text{3}}$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The functional group present in the given set of compounds has to be identified and named.

Concept Introduction:

In an organic compound, the reactive portion is known as functional group.  This undergoes reactions with other reagents and this does not depend upon how the rest of the compound is like.  Few of the common functional groups are alcohol, ester, carboxylic acid, ketone, aldehyde etc.  Functional group determines the nature of the compound.

To Identify and Name: The functional group present in the given compounds.

Answer to Problem 23.14QP

The functional group present in the given compound is identified as ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{-O-}$ group and it is named as ether.

Explanation of Solution

By looking at the formula of the given compound we can identify that an oxygen atom is present in it.  The oxygen atom is attached to two alkyl groups namely, a methyl group and an ethyl group, the compound falls under the category of ether.  The functional group is highlighted in red colour as shown.

${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{OCH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The functional group present in the given set of compounds has to be identified and named.

Concept Introduction:

In an organic compound, the reactive portion is known as functional group.  This undergoes reactions with other reagents and this does not depend upon how the rest of the compound is like.  Few of the common functional groups are alcohol, ester, carboxylic acid, ketone, aldehyde etc.  Functional group determines the nature of the compound.

To Identify and Name: The functional group present in the given compounds.

Answer to Problem 23.14QP

The functional group present in the given compound is identified as $\text{C=C}$ group and it is named as double bond.

Explanation of Solution

By looking at the formula of the given compound we can identify that a double is present in it.  Therefore, the compound falls under the category of alkene.  The functional group is highlighted in red colour as shown.

${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{CH=CH2}$

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The functional group present in the given set of compounds has to be identified and named.

Concept Introduction:

In an organic compound, the reactive portion is known as functional group.  This undergoes reactions with other reagents and this does not depend upon how the rest of the compound is like.  Few of the common functional groups are alcohol, ester, carboxylic acid, ketone, aldehyde etc.  Functional group determines the nature of the compound.

To Identify and Name: The functional group present in the given compounds.

Answer to Problem 23.14QP

The functional group present in the given compound is identified as $\text{-COOH}$ group and it is named as carboxylic acid.

Explanation of Solution

By looking at the formula of the given compound we can identify that a carboxylic acid group is present in it.  The carboxylic acid group is the functional group in this compound.  Therefore, the compound falls under the category of carboxylic acid.  The functional group is highlighted in red colour as shown.

${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{COOH}$

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The functional group present in the given set of compounds has to be identified and named.

Concept Introduction:

In an organic compound, the reactive portion is known as functional group.  This undergoes reactions with other reagents and this does not depend upon how the rest of the compound is like.  Few of the common functional groups are alcohol, ester, carboxylic acid, ketone, aldehyde etc.  Functional group determines the nature of the compound.

To Identify and Name: The functional group present in the given compounds.

Answer to Problem 23.14QP

The functional group present in the given compound is identified as $\text{-CHO}$ group and it is named as aldehyde.

Explanation of Solution

By looking at the formula of the given compound we can identify that a carbonyl group is present in it.  The carbonyl group is attached to a hydrogen atom on one side and an alkyl group on other.  Hence, this compound falls under the category of aldehyde.  The functional group is highlighted in red colour as shown.

${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{CHO}$

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The functional group present in the given set of compounds has to be identified and named.

Concept Introduction:

In an organic compound, the reactive portion is known as functional group.  This undergoes reactions with other reagents and this does not depend upon how the rest of the compound is like.  Few of the common functional groups are alcohol, ester, carboxylic acid, ketone, aldehyde etc.  Functional group determines the nature of the compound.

To Identify and Name: The functional group present in the given compounds.

Answer to Problem 23.14QP

The functional group present in the given compound is identified as ${\text{-CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{OH}$ group and it is named as primary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

By looking at the formula of the given compound we can identify that a hydroxy group is present in it.  The hydroxy group is attached to a carbon atom which bears two hydrogen atoms.  Hence, this compound falls under the category of primary alcohol.  The functional group is highlighted in red colour as shown.

${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{OH}$