Concept explainers
Introduction:
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ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY THE UNITY OF FORM A
- Indicate whether the following sentences is True or False 1) Urea is the major nitrogen-containing metabolic product of protein catabolism in humans, accounting for > 75% of the nonprotein nitrogen eventually excreted 2) Dialysis is the process of separating substances in solution based on size and the difference in their diffusion rates through a semipermeable membranearrow_forwardName the phenomenon of removal of urea as excretory product.arrow_forwardDescribe urea cycle.arrow_forward
- The following substances are normal constituents in urine. Determine their metabolic origins in the human body. Urea - Creatinine Indican Uric acid Why is analysis of urine important in the diagnosis of diseases?arrow_forwardWhich statement about nitrogenous wastes is true? ammonia cannot be concentrated as much as urea and uric acid because it is more toxic some vertebrates are able to avoid producing nitrogenous wastes by using only anaerobic respiration most vertebrates that produce urea excrete the urea as salt crystals that have precipitated out of solution to conserve water many saurapsids excrete their nitrogenous wastes as nitric oxide All of these are correctarrow_forwardWhat might it mean if you found a high concentration of urobilinogen in your patient’s urine?arrow_forward
- Proteus mirabilis produces the enzyme grease, which converts urea into ammonia. Explain why patients with a UTI caused by proteus mirabilis would have a higher than normal urine PHarrow_forwardProduction of any sort of nitrogenous waste other than ammonia costs energy. Name at least three distinctly different advantages an animal might gain by investing in production of urea or uric acid.arrow_forwardIn considering the rate of reaction for urea conversion, the enzyme is ____________ the substrate is ______________ and the rpoducts are ____________ and ___________.arrow_forward
- Urea is an ideal way to remove ammonia from the body because: OA) it does not affect the pH of urine. OB) it can be made without using any energy. OC) it is non-toxic. OD) it has a very high solubility in water.arrow_forwardProteus mirabilis produces the enzyme urease, which converts urea into ammonia. If a patient has a urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by Proteus mirabilis, what signs or symptoms might be observed? Cloudy urine. As the bacteria multiply, the urine becomes progressively cloudier because of the large numbers of cells in suspension. High ammonia content contributes to the strong smell of urine from patients with a UTI. A higher-than-normal urine pH. With large numbers of bacteria producing urease and converting urea into ammonia, the urine pH would be very basic. All of the answers are correct.arrow_forwardExplain the structure and components of a typical URI. Provide examples of common URI schemes.arrow_forward